Improvement Of Orchid Vanda Hybrid (Vanda limbata Blume X Vanda tricolor Lindl. var. suavis) By Colchicines Treatment In Vitro

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the growth phase of orchid Vanda hybrid (Vanda limbata Blume X Vanda tricolor Lindl. var. suavis) response with colchicines treatment, to determine precise effective concentration of colchicines and duration of treatment to induce polyploidy. This research used variation of colchicines concentration which were 0.01%; 0.05%; 0.1%; 0.5%; 1% and 0% and incubation for 6 hours; 12 hours; 18 hours; 24 hours; and 4 days. Treatment was done in aseptic condition using protocorm aged 7 week after sowing. After treatments, plants were planted on Vacint and Went (VW) medium supplemented with of 150 ml/l coconut water. After four months, plants were subcultured in medium VW + 150 ml/l + 150g/l banana extract. The results showed that the orchid Vanda hybrid was intolerant to colchicine concentration of 0.1; 0.5 and 1% by death protocorm was more than 50%. Concentration of 0,5% with 6 hours soaking time is the most effective to induced tetraploid in orchid Vanda hybrid. Morphological characters of tetraploid plantlets had lower average number and length of roots, number, length, and width of leaves than those of control. Anatomical characters of tetraploid plantlets revealed the highest stomatal size and had smaller of stomatal index than controls. This evident indicated a negative correlation between stomatal index and ploidy level. Cytological analysis with flow cytometry revealed that tetraploid plantlets (2n=4x=76) stained with DAPI showed the chromosome number more than those of control (2n=2x=38).

Effect of Colchicine on Morphological and Anatomical Traits of Gymnocalycium mihanovichii (Frič & Gürke) Britton & Rose

“…Photosynthesis fitness can be estimated from variance in the stomatal density of leaves in diverse agricultural environments such as drought, salinity stress heat stress and precipitation change. Findings were consistent with previous reports in tetraploid plants such as Orchid Vanda Hybrid [15], Catasetum pileatum [16], other ornamentals [11], and horticultural plants [10]. Morphological and anatomical characteristics can be analyzed as good indicators to confirm the conversion of polyploidization [17].…”

The Chromosome of Phalaenopsis spp. and Doritaenopsis sp. Hybrid Induced by Colchicine

“…Colchicine at a concentration of 1,000 mgL -1 was the most efficient dose for inducing polyploidy in plants [13]. When compared to control plantlets (2n = 2x = 38), orchid plantlets treated with 0.5% colchicine for 6 hours showed a larger percentage of tetraploid chromosomes (2n = 4x = 76) [14].…”

Polyploidization in Orchids: From Cellular Changes to Breeding Applications

“…Nakasone [132] was the first to induce polyploidy in Vanda "Miss Joaquín" using young shoots treated with different concentrations of colchicine (0.5% and 1.5%) for 2 and 6 days of exposure (Table 6). More recently, Tuwo and Indrianto [133] obtained polyploid plants from protocorms treated with colchicine (0.5% for 6 h) for the hybrid of V.a limbiata Blume X V. tricolor Lindl. var.…”