Orchid is one of the ornamental plant that has a high aesthetic value. Efforts to increase the quality of orchids can be done by genetic improvement through crossing. The first step to success in orchid crossing requires information on morphological characters of the prospective parents. This study aims to determine the similarity of six species of natural Coelogyne spp based on qualitative morphological characters. Morphological characterization of 6 orchids was carried out based on 30 characters including stem, leaf, flower, pseudobulb, and rooting type. Cluster analysis was carried out with the NTSYSpc program version 2.02i with the UPGMA SimQual function method. The results showed that there were morphological diversities among the six Coelogyne spp on the character of the stem, pseudobulb, leaves, flowers and type of roots. Based on the dendrogram on 73% similarity, three major groups were obtained. The first group consisted of Coelogyne pandurata and Coelogyne rumphii, the second group was C. massangeana, C. mayeriana and C asperata, the third group was C. celebensis. Based on the morphological similarity of 87% there are two pairs of parents that have most successful chance to be crossed, C. pandurata with C. rumphii and C. mayeriana with C. asperata.
Abstract. Hartati S, Samanhudi, Manurung IR, Cahyono O. 2021. Morphological characteristics of Phaius spp. orchids from Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1991-1995. Orchid is one of the ornamental plants with great economic value in various communities. Characterization and grouping of several orchid species can be used in breeding efforts to obtain hybrid with the desired traits. This study is aimed to characterize the morphological appearance of Phaius orchids and to cluster the species based on their similarity in morphological characteristics. Five species of Phaius (P. tankervilleae, P. indigoferus, P. montanus, P. amboinensis, and P. callosus) of the collection of the Bogor Botanical Garden were observed based on 30 morphological characters including the characters of stems, pseudobulbs, leaves and flowers. The data obtained were converted into binary data and computed using the Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System (NTSYS) Spc 2.02 program to produce dendrogram. The results show that based on the morphological characterization of the five species of Phaius spp., they have similarities from 63% to 80%. Among the five Phaius species, P. amboinensis, P. tankervilleae, and P. montanus had 80% similarity and can be used as parents for crossing.
<p><em>Indonesia has a high diversity of species of orchids. One of them is the Dendrobium orchid. Orchid seeds do not have endosperm should be grown in a medium that has enough nutrients. Orchid propagation in vitro is strongly influenced by the composition of the medium used. Research through experiments aimed at studying the effect of NAA, BAP, NAA and BAP combination of the subculture plantlets growth of </em><em>hybrids</em><em> orchid Dendrobium biggibum X liniale in Vacin Went media. Research conducted at the Laboratory of Tissue Culture Center for Plant Conservation Bogor Botanical Gardens. </em><em>The experimental design used was completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor was the concentration of Naphthalene Acetic Acid /NAA ( 0 ppm, 1 ppm, 3 ppm and 5 ppm). The second factor was the type media of </em><em>Benzyl Amino Purine</em><em> /BAP ( 0 ppm, 1 ppm, 3 ppm and 5 ppm). </em><em>Each treatment was replicated eight times. Analysis of the data by F test level 5% and if there is a significant difference continued with Duncan Multiple (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) level of 5%. The result showed that </em><em>the addition </em><em>of NAA 3 ppm </em><em>as much as 4,96 cm </em><em> and BAP 3 ppm </em><em>as much as 4,41 cm </em><em> give a significant effect on the increase of high plantlets</em><em> </em><em>and so NAA 3 ppm </em><em>as much as 5,76 cm </em><em> effect on roots length , but did not significantly effect the number of leaves and roots.</em></p>
<p>Pengembangan agribisnis anggrek memerlukan penguasaan teknologi budidaya yang memadai, diantaranya adalah teknologi kultur jaringan. Salah satu wilayah yang mengembangkan tanaman anggrek di daerah sentra tanaman hias Kabupaten Karanganyar adalah Desa Plosorejo Kecamatan Matesih. Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) ini melibatkan dua kelompok tani anggrek setempat bertujuan untuk menyebarkan hasil-hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh tim pengabdian, yakni berupa penerapan teknik penggunaan pupuk daun. Metode yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan ini adalah aklimatisasi dan perlakuan pemupukan daun. Program ini dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta dalam melakukan perawatan tanaman anggrek hasil persilangan dan mendukung pengembangan anggrek secara nasional. Antusiasme peserta dalam mengikuti kegiatan sangat tinggi dengan jumlah kehadiran peserta rata-rata lebih dari 70% pada setiap kegiatan. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan lebih dari 80% bibit anggrek yang diaklimatisasi oleh peserta berhasil tumbuh dengan baik. Perkembangan pertumbuhan bibit (tinggi bibit, panjang daun dan jumlah daun) juga berhasil dengan baik.</p>
The research aimed to assess better P fertilization method for wetland rice which used quickly dissolving P fertilizer given in split application. The research concluded that the application of quickly dissolving P fertilizer to Alfisol and Oxisol applied in split application twice (0 and 30 days after planting) and three times (0, 15 and 30 days after planting) increased the eficiency of P fertilization in wetland rice. The split application of 75 kg ha -1 (50% of recommended dose) in Alfisol yielded dry seed as high as 6,374 kg ha -1 (at twice application), 6,280 kg ha -1 (at threetime application), while the control treatment yielded as high as 6,027 kg ha -1 . In Oxisol the yield of rice was 8,200 kg ha -1 for the control treatment, 8,027 kg ha -1 for the twice application and 8,440 kg ha -1 for the three time applications.
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