Improved cognitive performance in human volunteers following administration of guarana (Paullinia cupana) extract: comparison and interaction with Panax ginseng

Kennedy, David O.; Haskell, Crystal F.; Wesnes, Keith; Scholey, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2004.07.014

Cited by 146 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Panax ginseng is also being increasingly prescribed in Korea, Japan and Western countries for the treatment of cancer, diabetes, chronic inflammation, and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases (Yun, 1996;Radad et al, 2006). Several studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of ginseng in the central nervous system through its ability to improve longevity (Attele et al, 1999;Li et al, 2000) and cognitive performance (Kennedy et al, 2004;Reay et al, 2005), as well as its adaptogenic properties in contributing to the equilibrium of the human body under prolonged stress (Kumar et al, 1996). Ginseng contains many physiologically important constituents that include saponins, oils and phytosterol, carbohydrates and sugars, organic acids, nitrogenous substances, amino acids and peptides, vitamins and minerals (iron, copper, zinc), and several enzymes (Hou, 1977;Attele et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection by Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer against the genotoxicity of doxorubicin in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 2008

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Panax ginseng is one of the most widely prescribed herbal medicines for the treatment of cancer, diabetes, chronic inflammation, and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. Since the use of alternative medicines in combination with conventional therapy may increase the risk of unwanted interactions, we investigated the possible genotoxicity of a water-soluble form of the dry root of P. ginseng (2.5, 5.0 or 10.0 mg/mL) and its ability to protect against the genotoxicity of doxorubicin (DOX; 0.125 mg/mL) by using the Drosophila melanogaster wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) with standard and high-bioactivation crosses of flies. Panax ginseng was not genotoxic at the concentrations tested, whereas DOX-induced genotoxicity in marker-heterozygous flies resulted mainly from mitotic recombination. At low concentrations, P. ginseng had antirecombinogenic activity that was independent of the concentration of extract used. Recombination events may promote cancer, but little is known about the ability of P. ginseng to inhibit such recombination or modulate DNA repair mechanisms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection by Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer against the genotoxicity of doxorubicin in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 2008

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“…Participants" basic cognitive function (attention and memory) was evaluated by means of the Cognitive Drug Research (CDR) battery (Wesnes, Pincock, Richardson, Helm & Halis, 2003;Wesnes, Ward, McGinty & Petrini, 2000), a specialized system that provides a computerized assessment of cognitive function (Haskell, Kennedy, Wesnes & Scholey, 2005;Kennedy, Haskell, Wesnes & Scholey, 2004;Wesnes et al, 2000). This battery has previously been used in research with children and has shown excellent reliability (Wesnes et al, 2003) when measuring variables such as attention and episodic working memory (Wesnes et al, 2009).…”

Section: Psychological Assessment Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological and psychobiological stress in the relationship between basic cognitive function and school performance. [El estrés psicológico y psicobiológico en la relación entre funcionamiento cognitivo básico y rendimiento académico]

Martín

Trianes-Torres²,

Maldonado-Montero³

et al. 2015

analesps

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Título: El estrés psicológico y psicobiológico en la relación entre funcionamiento cognitivo básico y rendimiento académico. Resumen: Este estudio analiza el papel desempeñado por el estrés cotidiano, evaluado a través de auto-informe y de los niveles psicobiológicos, en relación con la función cognitiva básica a la hora de predecir el rendimiento académico. La muestra está compuesta por 100 alumnos (55 niñas y niños de 45, con un rango de edad de 8 a 11 años) de una escuela pública de Málaga capital (España). El estrés diario se evaluó mediante el Inventario de estresores cotidianos en niños (IIEC; Trianes et al, 2009). El estrés psicobiológico se midió a través de la ratio cortisol / DHEA, derivado de varias muestras de saliva tomadas por la mañana en dos días consecutivos. Las habilidades cognitivas básicas se evaluaron por medio del sistema de evaluación cognitiva computarizada (batería CDR; Wesnes et al, 2003Wesnes et al, , 2000. Por último, el rendimiento académico se evaluó a través del valor medio de las calificaciones finales registradas en el informe de la escuela del niño. Además de los análisis estadísticos descriptivos y correlacionales, se realizaron análisis de regresión múltiple con el fin de evaluar el modelo. Los resultados muestran que el estrés diario autopercibido por los niños, actúa pronosticando el rendimiento académico con mayor peso que el funcionamiento cognitivo básico. Por lo tanto, a fin de lograr el buen rendimiento escolar, un alumno no sólo requiere una buena función cognitiva básica, sino que también debe presentar bajos niveles de estrés cotidiano autopercibido. Estos hallazgos sugieren una nueva forma de explicar y predecir el fracaso escolar. Palabras clave: Funcionamiento cognitivo básico; rendimiento académico; estrés cotidiano; ratio cortisol/dheas; infancia.Abstract: This study analyses the role played by daily stress, assessed through self-report and at the psychobiological level, in relation to basic cognitive function when predicting school performance. The sample comprised 100 schoolchildren (55 girls and 45 boys, age range 8 to 11 years) from a state school in the city of Malaga (Spain). Daily stress was assessed through the Children"s Daily Stress Inventory (IIEC in Spanish; Trianes et al., 2009). Psychobiological stress was measured through the cortisol/DHEAS ratio, derived from saliva samples taken in the morning on two consecutive days. Basic cognitive skills were assessed by means of the Computerized Cognitive Assessment System (CDR battery; Wesnes et al., 2003Wesnes et al., , 2000. Finally, the measure of school performance was the mean value of the final grades recorded in the child"s school report. In addition to descriptive and correlational statistical analyses, multiple regression analyses were conducted in order to assess the model. The results show that children"s daily stress self-reported contributes to predict school performance, and has proven to be more influential than basic cognitive function when it comes to predict school performance. Therefore...

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“…Different from caffeine, its antidepressant action, particularly after long-term treatment, is comparable to that of the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine (Tofranil), and it has a beneficial effect on cognition without altering locomotor activity Otobone et al, 2005Otobone et al, , 2007Kennedy et al, 2004;Roncon et al, 2011;Carlini, 2003).…”

Section: Stimulant Of the Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paullinia cupana Kunth (Sapindaceae): A review of its ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology

Hamerski¹,

Somner²,

Tamaio³

2013

J. Med. Plants Res.

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In Western markets, the extract from the seeds of Paullinia cupana Kunth, Sapindaceae, popularly known as Guaraná, is most commonly used in high-energy foods and drinks and dietary supplements. However, a broad spectrum of medicinal activities is reported for P. cupana, ranging from stimulation of the central nervous system, in cases of physical or mental stress, to appetite suppression. It can also be used as an aphrodisiac and a treatment for impotence, as well as a medication to reduce fever, stimulate metabolism, induce antiplatelet, antioxidant and antibacterial activites. In addtition, P. cupana has been used in cosmetic preparations, and it has become a popular soft drink in Brazil. In the last two decades, Guaraná has emerged as a key ingredient in various sports and high-energy drinks. Methylxanthines, including caffeine, cathechins, theophylline and theobromine, and tannins are compounds which are reported for this plant. This article reviews the most up-to-date information on the botanical, chemical and pharmacological aspects of P. cupana extract, as well as its miscellaneous uses.

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Improved cognitive performance in human volunteers following administration of guarana (Paullinia cupana) extract: comparison and interaction with Panax ginseng

Cited by 146 publications

References 24 publications

Protection by Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer against the genotoxicity of doxorubicin in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster

Protection by Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer against the genotoxicity of doxorubicin in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster

Psychological and psychobiological stress in the relationship between basic cognitive function and school performance. [El estrés psicológico y psicobiológico en la relación entre funcionamiento cognitivo básico y rendimiento académico]

Paullinia cupana Kunth (Sapindaceae): A review of its ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology

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