Implementasi Kebijakan Sistem Transportasi Darat Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kesejahteraan Sosial Di Jakarta

Abstract

Transportation is the backbone in creating social welfare in Jakarta. Therefore, if there are problems in the transportation system, it will have an impact on the smooth trafic low and will ultimately hamper the achievement of public welfare. This study used a descriptive-qualitative method. This study refers to the theory proposed by Anderson (in Tachjan, 2006: 23) and Sarana, et al (2009: 9). The results of the study are as follows. Policy implementation transportation system in Jakarta has been able to improve the social welfare of most citizens, which means some people have to feel and enjoy the outcome of transportation development in Jakarta. However, others have not optimally felt the positive impact of the policy. Even, it is perceived negatively; such as trafic jams which are almost evenly distributed throughout Jakarta causing high air pollution, hampered economic activity and generated high economic costs that social welfare was also weakened. This is reinforced by the increasing poverty rate in 2014 that reached 393,980 people thousand compared to previous years.Keywords: policy, transport, social welfare ABSTRAKTransportasi merupakan tulang punggung dalam mewujudkan kesejahteraan sosial di Jakarta. Oleh sebab itu, jika terdapat problem di dalam sistem transportasinya, maka, akan berdampak pada kelancaran lalu lintas dan akhirnya akan menghambat tercapainya kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif. Penelitian ini merujuk pada teori yang dikemukakan oleh Anderson (dalam Tachjan, 2006: 23) dan Sarana, dkk (2009: 9). Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut. Implementasi kebijakan sistem transportasi di Jakarta telah mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan sosial sebagian warga masyarakat, artinya; sebagian masyarakat telah merasakan dan menikmati hasil pembangunan transportasi di Jakarta. Selanjutnya, sebagian yang lain belum secara maksimal merasakan dampak positif atas kebijakan tersebut. Bahkan yang dirasakan adalah dampak negatif; misalnya kemacetan yang hampir merata di seluruh wilayah Jakarta sehingga menimbulkan pencemaran udara yang cukup tinggi, aktivitas ekonomi masyarakat terhambat dan menimbulkan ekonomi biaya tinggi sehingga kesejahteraan sosial pun turut melemah. Hal ini diperkuat dengan angka kemiskinan yang terus meningkat di tahun 2014 mencapai 393,98 ribu orang dibanding tahun-tahun sebelumnya.

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