Immunogenicity and safety of a SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac) co-administered with an inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine: A randomized, open-label, controlled study in healthy adults aged 18 to 59 years in China

Wang, Shenyu; Duan, Xiaoqian; Chen, Bo; Deng, Xuan; Zeng, Wang; Zhang, Hangjie; Qianhui, Zheng; Zhou, Liang; Yan, Chuanfu; Yang, Juan; Zeng, Gang; Lv, Haipeng

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.07.021

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Furthermore, in seropositive participants presented of this trial, co-administration group also showed immune interference of all ages ( 40 ), indicating that the impaired immune response to co-administration could be common regardless of the status of the pre-existing immunity. Similarly, two other studies conducted in China and Italy have also reported interference in individuals co-administrated with COVID-19 and influenza vaccines ( 41 , 42 ) (Shown in Table 3 ). Interestingly, the Chinese study found the interference was more significant when the influenza vaccine is co-administrated with a booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine ( 42 ).…”

Section: Immune Interference In the Co-administration Of Covid-19 And...mentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Similarly, two other studies conducted in China and Italy have also reported interference in individuals co-administrated with COVID-19 and influenza vaccines ( 41 , 42 ) (Shown in Table 3 ). Interestingly, the Chinese study found the interference was more significant when the influenza vaccine is co-administrated with a booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine ( 42 ).…”

Section: Immune Interference In the Co-administration Of Covid-19 And...mentioning

confidence: 59%

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Immune interference in effectiveness of influenza and COVID-19 vaccination

et al. 2023

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Vaccines are known to function as the most effective interventional therapeutics for controlling infectious diseases, including polio, smallpox, rabies, tuberculosis, influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Smallpox has been eliminated completely and polio is almost extinct because of vaccines. Rabies vaccines and Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccines could effectively protect humans against respective infections. However, both influenza vaccines and COVID-19 vaccines are unable to eliminate these two infectious diseases of their highly variable antigenic sites in viral proteins. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) could be negatively influenced (i.e., interfered with) by immune imprinting of previous infections or vaccinations, and repeated vaccinations could interfere with VE against infections due to mismatch between vaccine strains and endemic viral strains. Moreover, VE could also be interfered with when more than one kind of vaccine is administrated concomitantly (i.e., co-administrated), suggesting that the VE could be modulated by the vaccine-induced immunity. In this review, we revisit the evidence that support the interfered VE result from immune imprinting or repeated vaccinations in influenza and COVID-19 vaccine, and the interference in co-administration of these two types of vaccines is also discussed. Regarding the development of next-generation COVID-19 vaccines, the researchers should focus on the induction of cross-reactive T-cell responses and naive B-cell responses to overcome negative effects from the immune system itself. The strategy of co-administrating influenza and COVID-19 vaccine needs to be considered more carefully and more clinical data is needed to verify this strategy to be safe and immunogenic.

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Section: Immune Interference In the Co-administration Of Covid-19 And...mentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Immune Interference In the Co-administration Of Covid-19 And...mentioning

confidence: 59%

Immune interference in effectiveness of influenza and COVID-19 vaccination

et al. 2023

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“…Strikingly, the frequency of RBD-specific memory B cells that was focused on RBD significantly increased following booster vaccination, indicating that three dose of vaccines would be capable of rapidly producing functional antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection. Studies [ 9 – 12 ] have shown that a third dose of CoronaVac effectively recalled specific antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, which could be attributed to the durable memory B cell responses. In addition, we interrogated the correlation of CD4 + T cell responses with CD8 + T cell and humoral response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive immune responses and cytokine immune profiles in humans following prime and boost vaccination with the SARS-CoV-2 CoronaVac vaccine

Wang

Yang

Duan

et al. 2022

Virol J

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Background Adaptive immune response has been thought to play a key role in SARS-CoV-2 infection. The role of B cells, CD4+T, and CD8+T cells are different in vaccine-induced immune response, thus it is imperative to explore the functions and kinetics of adaptive immune response. We collected blood samples from unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals. To assess the mechanisms contributing to protective immunity of CoronaVac vaccines, we mapped the kinetics and durability of humoral and cellular immune responses after primary and boost vaccination with CoronaVac vaccine in different timepoints. Materials and methods We separate PBMC and plasma from blood samples. The differentiation and function of RBD-spcific CD4+T and CD8+T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry and ELISA. Antibodies response was analyzed by ELISA. ELISPOT analysis was perfomed to detected the RBD-spcific memory B cells. CBA analysis was performed to detected the cytokine immune profiles. Graphpad prism 8 and Origin 2021 were used for statistical analysis. Results Vaccine-induced CD4+T cell responses to RBD were more prominent than CD8+T cell responses, and characterized by a predominant Th1 and weak Th17 helper response. CoronaVac vaccine triggered predominant IgG1 antibody response and effectively recalled specific antibodies to RBD protein after booster vaccination. Robust antigen-specific memory B cells were detected (p < 0.0001) following booster vaccination and maintained at 6 months (p < 0.0001) following primary vaccination. Vaccine-induced CD4+T cells correlated with CD8+T cells (r = 0.7147, 0.3258, p < 0.0001, p = 0.04), memory B cell responses (r = 0.7083, p < 0.0001), and IgG and IgA (r = 0.6168, 0.5519, p = 0.0006, 0.003) after vaccination. In addition, vaccine induced a broader and complex cytokine pattern in plasma at early stage. Conclusion Taken together, these results highlight the potential role of B cell and T cell responses in vaccine-induced long-term immunity.

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“…The possibility of administering both vaccines in a single event would reduce organizational costs and facilitate adherence of the population [42]. In order to analyze the safety of this strategy, several co-administration studies have been launched [42][43][44]. Overall, these investigations have demonstrated efficacy and safety, although the evidence may be considered limited.…”

Section: What Role Can Nasal Vaccines Against Covid-19 Play?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights for COVID-19 in 2023

Sánchez¹,

Martínez‐Sellés²,

García³

et al. 2022

Rev Esp Quimioter

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Predictions for a near end of the pandemic by the World Health Organization should be interpreted with caution. Current evidence indicates that the efficacy of a fourth dose of classical mRNA vaccines (BT162b2 or mRNA-1273) is low and short-lived in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in its predominant variant (Omicron). However, its efficacy is high against severe symptomatic infection, hospitalization and death. The new vaccines being introduced are bivalent and active against the Omicron variants. Potential new vaccines to be introduced in the coming year include a vaccine based on a recombinant protein that emulates the receptor binding domain of the Spike protein under development by the Spanish company Hipra, as well as vaccines for nasal or oral administration. Available information suggests that vaccines against COVID-19 can be administered in association with influenza vaccination without particular complications. New drugs against COVID-19, both antiviral and anti-inflammatory, are under investigation, but this does not seem to be the case with monoclonal antibodies. The indication to use masks in some circumstances will be maintained next year in view of the accumulation of scientific data on their efficacy. Finally, the long COVID or Post-COVID syndrome may continue to affect a very high proportion of patients who have had the disease, requiring combined diagnostic and therapeutic resources.

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Immunogenicity and safety of a SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac) co-administered with an inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine: A randomized, open-label, controlled study in healthy adults aged 18 to 59 years in China

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Immune interference in effectiveness of influenza and COVID-19 vaccination

Immune interference in effectiveness of influenza and COVID-19 vaccination

Adaptive immune responses and cytokine immune profiles in humans following prime and boost vaccination with the SARS-CoV-2 CoronaVac vaccine

Insights for COVID-19 in 2023

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