Immersive Learning Experience Design (ILXD): Augmented Reality Mobile Application for Placing and Interacting with 3D Learning Objects in Engineering Education

Abstract

The Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine operates based on a numerical control program generated semi-automatically by a Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) system or manually by the operator. Repeated practice is required to operate a CNC machine. For an inexperienced operator (student), the practicum requires extensive use of materials and cutting instruments. In the meantime, the number of laboratory equipment for the CNC programming practicum remains limited, and the 3-axis CNC milling machine training unit is inadequate for the number of students. For this reason, we need a medium that can simulate the machining process to aid students in their early stages of learning. This research aims to create a mobile application for milling machine visualization based on augmented reality. This augmented reality (AR) application, "MM: CTU 3-Axis," or Machine Milling CNC Training Unit 3-Axis, was designed with 3D virtual objects to provide students with knowledge and practical experience. The application development model used Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC). This research yields an Android-based augmented reality (AR) application called "MM: CTU 3-Axis" that does not require markers. The development and verification results demonstrated that this application could aid in learning CNC programming and machining practicum, as well as reduce the cost of using cutting tools and the cost of using materials due to repeated experiments on CNC machines.

Challenges and Opportunities for Using Immersive Technology: A Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Cross-Country Studies

“…Thus, these results support previous theoretical assumptions that immersive augmented reality technology can improve the quality of education [11], [47]. AR can also help students improve their focus through fun activities and immersive experiences [52], [53]. AR integration also satisfies students with various interesting content [54].…”

Effectiveness of Distance Learning Computer Numerical Control Based on Virtual Laboratory Using a Metaverse Platform to Improve Students’ Cognitive Ability and Practice Skills

“…Digital-based learning media have been widely developed, and one such medium is VR, which can visualize practical learning, equipment, machines, and virtual laboratory rooms [25] [26]. VR in the Department of Mechanical Engineering is a new educational trend that requires further study to determine its effectiveness in specific competencies.…”

Integration of Mobile Augmented Reality Applications for Engineering Mechanics Learning with Interacting 3D Objects in Engineering Education

“…Additionally, the post-COVID-19 pandemic effect has altered the face-to-face learning pattern, with a disproportionately high number of distance learning implementations employed as a substitute for the teaching process [24,25]. Therefore, there is a need for educational innovation in the classroom that fosters a new learning environment through interactive learning media to develop instruction that actively involves students in the learning process [26].…”