<i>o</i>-Phenylenediamine and 1:2-diamino-4-nitrobenzene as reagents for α-keto acids

Hockenhull, D. J. D.; Floodgate, G. D.

doi:10.1042/bj0520038

Cited by 44 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Aminosugars were located by a spray (Partridge, 1949) Hockenhull and others (1943). They were separated by paper chromatography of the 2 : 4-dinitrophenylhydrazones (Cavallini, Frontali & Toschi, 1949) or of the nitroquinoxalinols formed by condensation of a-ketoacids with 1 : 2-diamino-4-nitrobenzene (Hockenhull & Floodgate, 1952 ;Hockenhull, Hunter & Herbert, 1953). Larger quantities of these derivatives were separated by chromatography on alumina columns (Datta, Harris & Rees, 1950;Hockenhull, Herbert, Walker, Wilkin & Winder, 1954 ;Hockenhull & Floodgate, 1952).…”

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose utilization by Streptomyces griseus

Hockenhull¹,

Fantes²,

Herbert³

et al. 1954

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARY: Glucose utilization by a strain of Streptomyces griseus was studied. Under highly aerobic conditions, glucose was converted mainly to structural material and CO,, but under restricted aeration, lactic acid was formed. Pyruvic acid was also formed during the stages of most rapid growth. The metabolism of glucose was dependent upon the presence of phosphate, and the optimal hydrogenion concentration for both glucose oxidation and the rate of disappearance of inorganic phosphate was about pH 7. Phosphate esters, tentatively identified as glucose-1-phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate, were obtained in fluoride-inhibited systems. Glucose oxidation was depressed by M-sodium iodoacetate and Msodium arsenite but was stimulated by 10-2M-sodium arsenate ; 1 0 -3~-2 : 4-dinitrophenol and 10-sM-sodium azide had no effect. Streptomycin production was decreased by 3 x lO-*M-sodium arsenate but not by 10-2M-sodium fluoride or ~O-*Msodium iodoacetate. S. griseus metabolized members of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, although citrate and a-ketoglutarate gave much lower values of Qo, a t pH 7.3 than pyruvate, acetate, succinate, fumarate or malate. Ketoacids were produced in presence of arsenite from fumarate, malate, glucose, lactate, acetate, succinate, glutamate and citrate in descending order of yield. Except from fumarate, which yielded some material behaving like a-ketoglutarate, the product was chiefly p p v a t e .

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Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose utilization by Streptomyces griseus

Hockenhull¹,

Fantes²,

Herbert³

et al. 1954

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…Analytical methods Ketonic acids. The keto acids produced were identified by paper chromatography of either the 2:4-dinitrophenylhydrazones or the nitroquinoxalinols (Hockenhull & Floodgate, 1952). As the following a-keto acids, pyruvic, oxalacetic, oxoglutaric, oxobutyric and dimethylpyruvic, might be encountered in this type of work, the methods used were tested with mixtures of the appropriate derivatives.…”

Section: Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nitroquinoxalinols were separated bypaper chromatography (Hockenhull & Floodgate, 1952). Since carrying out this work the technique has been further improved (Hockenhull, Hunter.& Herbert, 1953).…”

Section: I954mentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic acid metabolism of Penicillium chrysogenum. 1. Lactate and acetate

Hockenhull¹,

Herbert²,

Walker³

et al. 1954

Biochemical Journal

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“…o-Phenylenediamine derivative of a-oxo acids. The formation of quinoxalinols from a-oxo acids was carried out by reaction with o-phenylenediamine as described by Hockenhull & Floodgate (1952). The derivative formed in high yield from a-oxobutyric acid (Nutritional Biochemicals Corp., Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.) had m.p.…”

Section: Materials and Methods Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linkage of carbohydrate to hydroxyamino acids in mucopolysaccharides and mucoproteins

1965

Biochemical Journal

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1. Glycosidic linkage of carbohydrate to the primary hydroxyl groups of threonine and serine has been established in human blood-group A and Lea substances, bovine submaxillary-gland mucin and human pseudomyxomatous mucin. 2. Treatment of these substances in 0 09N-lithium hydroxide at 100°for lhr. led to ,B-elimination at these glycosidic linkages with the resultant formation of a-oxobutyric acid and glycine from threonine linkages, and pyruvic acid from serine linkages. Though most of the threonine was destroyed in every ease, about onethird to one-half of the serine residues resisted alkaline cleavage. Such results, indicative of the presence of unbound serine residues, allow, in submaxillary mucin, for a close correlation between the remaining serine, threonine, glutamic acid and aspartic acid and the available sialyl-(2 -÷6)-N-acetylgalactosamine prosthetic groups. 3. The stoichiometry of the f-eliminations has been demonstrated for pseudomyxomatous mucin. The a-oxo acids were separated and determined as their quinoxalinol derivatives by thin-layer chromatography on silica gel. Reaction at the threonine centres favoured a-oxobutyric acid formation (70%, via the intermediary dehydropeptide) over the alternative pathway to glycine (30%). 4. 100% ofthe hexosamine was destroyed in submaxillary-gland mucin, 85% in pseudomyxomatous mucin and about 60% in the blood-group substances. In the latter cases, the glucosamine/galactosamine ratio was increased from about 4:1 to 8-10:1, suggesting a preferential destruction of galactosamine. Evidence was obtained, however, for a further destruction of hexosamine, in addition to that which could be theoretically attached to peptide at possible known binding sites. 5. The major part of the alkali-resistant hexosamine in the blood-group substances was nondiffusible and was accompanied by the constituent carbohydrates in similar molar proportions to the native materials.

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o-Phenylenediamine and 1:2-diamino-4-nitrobenzene as reagents for α-keto acids

Cited by 44 publications

References 1 publication

Glucose utilization by Streptomyces griseus

Glucose utilization by Streptomyces griseus

Organic acid metabolism of Penicillium chrysogenum. 1. Lactate and acetate

Linkage of carbohydrate to hydroxyamino acids in mucopolysaccharides and mucoproteins

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