Hypotriglyceridemic and hypocholesterolemic effects of anti-diabetic Momordica charantia (karela) fruit extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Ahmed, Ijaz; Lakhani, M.S.; Gillett, Michael P. T.; John, Annie; Raza, Haider

doi:10.1016/s0168-8227(00)00224-2

Cited by 223 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Recently, a number of clinical studies suggest that the increased risk of CHD is associated with a high serum concentration of TC, LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and TG. The abnormally high concentration of serum lipids is mainly due to the increase in the mobilization of free fatty acids from the peripheral depots (Ahmed et al, 2001). On the other hand, low serum concentration of HDL-C is also responsible for CHD (Parab & Mengi, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antihyperlipidemic and antitumor activities of isolated coumarins fromSalvadora indica

Iyer¹,

Patil²

2013

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: Salvadora indica Wight (Salvadoraceae) contains a number of medically beneficial properties including abrasives, astringents and antiseptics. Traditionally, it was used by ancient Arabs to whiten and polish teeth. Objective: This study explores the antihyperlipidemic and antitumor effects of an ethanol extract of S. indica and its isolated phytoconstituents in rodents. Material and methods: Flash chromatography was used for the isolation of phytoconstituents from the stems of S. indica. An antihyperlipidemic study was carried out in Triton loaded rats. Animal groups were given intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of Triton WR 1339 at dose of 400 mg/ kg body weight (b.w.). Furthermore, antitumor activity was investigated in hybrid mice (of C57BL strain þ Swiss albino strain). The animals were observed for tumor growth after injection of B16F10 melanoma cells into the dorsal skin of mice. Results: The stems of S. indica yielded xanthotoxin and umbelliferone through chromatographic separation techniques. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic data interpretation and showed antihyperlipidemic activity. The study showed significant reduction in total cholesterol (TC) (p50.01), triglycerides (TGs) (p50.001), low-density lipoproteins (p50.01) level whereas increased in high-density lipoprotein (p50.01) at a significant level, after the treatment. Pretreatment with the extract and phytoconstituents also showed delayed tumor growth by increasing the volume doubling time (VDT) (p50.01), growth delay (GD) (p50.01) and mean survival time (p50.001). Discussion and conclusion: Acute treatment caused a stimulatory effect on high density lipoprotein level and inhibition in TC and TG elevation induced by Triton. Tumor regression studies showed a regression response for tumor growth in vivo of murine mouse melanoma as demonstrated by increasing the VDT and GD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antihyperlipidemic and antitumor activities of isolated coumarins fromSalvadora indica

Iyer¹,

Patil²

2013

Pharmaceutical Biology

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“…Inhibitory effect on α-amylase or α-glucosidase activity, interruption of GLUT4 [59] Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice) Tannic acid, glycyrrhizin Inhibitory effect on α-amylase or α-glucosidase activity, interruption of GLUT4 [59] Gymnema sylvestre (Australian cowplant or Gurmari) Momordica charantia (Bitter melon) Not reported in the referenc Improve oxidative stress through lowering triglyceride, cholesterol or plasma glucose levels, stimulation of insulin secretion [84] Nigella sativa (Black seed) Quinones, Thymoquinone Decreasing of MGO-mediated glycation, scavenging reactive oxygen species, antioxidant activity [79] Phyllanthus niruni (Chanca Piedra or Child Pick-a-back)…”

Section: Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fortunately, such mechanisms are effective to improve oxidative stress in humans as well. Extract of bitter melon, Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), improved oxidative stress by lowering triglyceride, cholesterol or plasma glucose levels [84]. Another mechanism to attenuate oxidative stress is the deactivation of the enzymes responsible for ROS generation, such as xanthine oxidase, cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, microsomal monooxygenase, and NADH oxidase.…”

Section: Free Radical Scavengingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanisms of Inhibition of Advanced Glycation End Products Formation through Polyphenols in Hyperglycemic Condition

et al. 2015

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Glycation, the non-enzymatic binding of glucose to free amino groups of an amino acid, yields irreversible heterogeneous compounds known as advanced glycation end products. Those products play a significant role in diabetic complications. In the present article we briefly discuss the contribution of advanced glycation end products to the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, such as atherosclerosis, diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and wound healing. Then we mention the various mechanisms by which polyphenols inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products. Finally, recent supporting documents are presented to clarify the inhibitory effects of polyphenols on the formation of advanced glycation end products. Phytochemicals apply several antiglycation mechanisms, including glucose metabolism, amelioration of oxidative stress, scavenging of dicarbonyl species, and up/down-regulation of gene expression. To utilize polyphenols in order to remedy diabetic complications, we must explore, examine and clarify the action mechanisms of the components of polyphenols.

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“…The mechanism(s) of hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic actions of the ECE from S. cumini are not known, but may involve insulin, since in addition to causing hypoglycemia, insulin lowers lipid levels (Ahmed et al, 2001) and normalizes plasma lipids (Pepato et al, 2005). Studies with the seeds of S. cumini have already demonstrated hypocholesterolemic and hypotriglyceridemic effects (Sharma et al, 2003;Ravi et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of leaves from Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, Myrtaceae. in diabetic rats

Schoenfelder¹,

Warmlin²,

M³

et al. 2010

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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RESUMO: "Efeito hipoglicêmico e hipolipidêmico das folhas de Syzygium cumini Lam. em ratos diabeticos". Na região de Criciúma-SC, as folhas de Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, Myrtaceae, conhecida popularmente como jambolão, são utilizadas para diminuir níveis de glicose plasmática em pessoas diabéticas. Dentro deste contexto o presente trabalho teve o interesse de avaliar o efeito hipoglicêmico e hipolipidêmico do extrato bruto hidroalcoólico (EBH) das folhas de S. cumini (125, 250 e 500 mg/kg). Para tal os animais foram divididos em três grupos para o efeito hipoglicêmico: ratos normais, ratos normais submetidos a curva de glicose (hiperglicêmicos) e ratos diabéticos induzidos com aloxana. O efeito hipolipidêmico foi avaliado em animais diabéticos induzidos por aloxana. O efeito hipoglicêmico foi comparado com glibenclamida. O tratamento agudo com EBH de S. cumini causou uma diminuição estatisticamente significativa na glicose sanguínea em animais normais que foram submetidos à cura de glicose (250 mg/kg), e sobre os níveis de glicose (125 e 250 mg/kg), triglicerídeo (125 e 500 mg/kg) e colesterol (125 mg/kg) em animais diabéticos. Nenhuma das doses testadas apresentou efeito em animais normais. Dentro deste contexto pode-se sugerir que o EBH das folhas de S. cumini pode ser uma alternativa terapêutica no tratamento alternativo ou complementar na diabete, uma vez que apresentou atividade hipoglicêmica e hipolipidêmica em animais diabéticos.Unitermos: Syzygium cumini, Myrtaceae, diabete, hipoglicêmico, hipolipidêmico, plantas medicinais.ABSTRACT: Ethanolic crude extract (ECE) of leaves from Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, Myrtaceae was screened for its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg v.o.). Rats were divided into three groups for the evaluation of the hypoglycemic effect: normal rats, rats with alloxan-induced diabetes and hyperglycemic normal rats. Hypolipidemia was evaluated in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes. The antihyperglycemic activity was compared to treatment with glibenclamide, an oral hypoglycemic agent. The acute treatment with S. cumini ECE caused a significant decrease in the blood glucose in hyperglycemic normal rats (250 mg/kg), and in glucose (125 and 250 mg/kg), triglyceride (125 and 500 mg/kg) and cholesterol (125 mg/kg) levels of diabetic rats, but no effect was observed in the normal treated rats. Syzygium cumini leaves are a good candidate for alternative and/or complementary medicine in the management of diabetes mellitus, since they showed hypoglycemic activity in addition to a hypolipidemic action in diabetic animals.

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Hypotriglyceridemic and hypocholesterolemic effects of anti-diabetic Momordica charantia (karela) fruit extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Cited by 223 publications

References 21 publications

Evaluation of antihyperlipidemic and antitumor activities of isolated coumarins fromSalvadora indica

Evaluation of antihyperlipidemic and antitumor activities of isolated coumarins fromSalvadora indica

The Mechanisms of Inhibition of Advanced Glycation End Products Formation through Polyphenols in Hyperglycemic Condition

Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of leaves from Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, Myrtaceae. in diabetic rats

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