Human-computer interaction: A preliminary social psychological analysis

Abstract

Considering an interactive computer as a social stimulus suggests that contemporary social psychological theories can contribute to the prediction of user attitude and performance. In order to assist in the systematic exploration of this possibility, we developed DIALOGUE, an on-line system to investigate the effects of varying the computer's responses to the user. This system involves a presentation program that displays the computer's responses, performs the pacing of video information, and collects a variety of measurements, including the user's response time and the number of correct/incorrect user responses. DIALOGUE also includes a data manager that allows the experimenter to examine or modify the information collected by the presentation program. Utilizing DIALOGUE, we conducted a preliminary investigation of one aspect of human-computer interaction, the effects of varying the degree of human-like responses exhibited by the computer. Results suggest that (1) there are underlying dimensions of judgment involving perception of interactive computers, (2) a manipulation of human-like computer responses is reflected primarily in certain of these dimensions, and (3) such a manipulation influences user performance and feelings of responsibility. Factors related to the implementation of DIALOGUE are considered, and its potential for investigations of a variety of human-computer interactions is discussed.

Effects of visual and linguistic anthropomorphic cues on social perception, self-awareness, and information disclosure in a health website

“…Moreover, a few studies in human-computer interaction (HCI) have provided direct evidence for the effects of anthropomorphic language on users' perceptions of a computer interface. In an early study, Quintana, Crowell, Pryor, and Adamopoulos (1982) showed that a text-based computer interface with anthropomorphic cues was perceived more humanlike than mechanistic output. Using a synthesized speech output, KruijffKorbayová and Kukina (2008) found that anthropomorphic style in an in-car audio system elicited greater perception of humanness than did the impersonal style.…”

Evolutionary Psychology in the Business Sciences

“…Social facilitation is the strengthening of dominant or well-learned responses in the presence of other members of one's species. Social facilitation occurs in the presence of interactive computers (Quintanar et al 1982); for example an interactive interface evokes socially facilitated responding, such as better performance on quizzes from users. In the context of electronic communication, the extent to which any form of media take on human-like characteristics is the extent to which the media will be another "actor" in communication.…”

Does Humanity Matter? Analyzing the Importance of Social Cues and Perceived Agency of a Computer System for the Emergence of Social Reactions during Human-Computer Interaction

“…This approach seems to have an impact on the way people interact with computers. Early psychological studies show that human-like interaction styles of computer interfaces had a greater impact on individuals' self-appraisals than machine-like interaction styles [1]. Subsequently, Nass and colleagues [2,3] proved that people show similar social behavior during human-computer interaction (HCI) by systematically adapting studies from the field of human-human interaction (HHI) to HCI.…”