Hormonal male contraception

Handelsman, David J.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2605.2000.00003.x

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In the present study, administration of MECR and MECO caused decrease in weight of testis, epididymis which may be due to low plasma level of testosterone or alteration of androgenic synthesis (Bartlett et al, 1990;kasturi et al, 1995;Udoh and Kehinde, 1999;Handelsman, 2000). The reduction in the number of spermatozoa (sperm count) and their motility in MECR and MECO treated mice are of importance with regard to fertilization (Bedford, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Effects of methanol extracts of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. stem and Corchorus olitorius Linn. seed on male reproductive system of mice

Pal¹,

Gupta²,

Mazumder³

2009

Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine

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SUMMARYThe antifertility activity of methanol extract of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. stem (MECR) and Corchorus olitorius Linn. seed (MECO) were studied on male Swiss albino mice. The extracts were found to decrease sperm count, percentage of motile sperm and testosterone level in treated mice when compared with vehicle control after 17 days of treatment. The weight of gonads, epididymis were decreased whereas no significant changes of the body weight of mice were observed after methanol extract treatments. The fertility test showed 100% negative result in MECR and MECO treated mice at medium and high dose level of treatment. MECR and MECO in low (25 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg, respectively), medium (50 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, respectively) and high (75 mg/ kg and 25 mg/kg, respectively) dose level caused a simultaneous fall in testicular Δ5-3β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities which are involved in testicular steroidogenesis. Total cholesterol and ascorbic acid content in testis were increased significantly in gonads. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase, malic dehydrogenase and ascorbic acid oxidase were reduced whereas that of carbonic anhydrase was increased significantly in the testis of MECR and MECO treated mice. All these observations indicate that the methanol extract of C. reflexa stem and C. olitorius seed produced antifertility activity in sexually matured male mice, which may be due to inhibition of gonadal steroidogenesis. This activity may be attributed due to the presence of flavonoids and steroids, respectively.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Effects of methanol extracts of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. stem and Corchorus olitorius Linn. seed on male reproductive system of mice

Pal¹,

Gupta²,

Mazumder³

2009

Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine

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“…Sebaliknya, kadar testosteron yang tinggi di atas kadar fisiologis akan menghambat spermatogenesis, akibatnya terjadi oligozoospermia atau azoospermia. Hal inilah yang menjadi dasar pemikiran perkembangan kontrasepsi pada pria (Handelsman 2000).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Effect of beluntas (Pluchea indica) leaf extract on mice spermatogenesis

2010

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Amalina N, Suyatmi, Suparyanti EL. 2010. Effect of beluntas (Pluchea indica) leaf extract on mice spermatogenesis. Biofarmasi 8: 47-51. This research aimed to determine the effect of beluntas (Pluchea indica L.) leaf extract in habiting spermatogenesis. Flavonoids can inhibit aromatase enzyme that function to catalyze the conversion of androgens into estrogen so that the level of the testosterone hormone will increase. The high concentration of testosterone will affect on the feedback to the pituitary, that not releasing FSH and LH, so it will inhibit spermatogenesis. This research is an experimental research with post-test only controlled group design method, using male mice, 2-3 months age, weight 20-30 g, as many as 24 mice divided into 4 groups. The first group was a control group, the second group as treatment group I that given with 1.4 mg/20 g body weight beluntas extract, the third group as treatment group II that given with 2.8 mg/g body weight beluntas extract. The fourth group as treatment group III that given with 5.6 mg/g body weight beluntas extract. The treatment was given for 10 days after that the testes of mice were taken and from each testicle was made 3 slices and from each slice the most representative seminiferous tubule was taken for spermatid cells. So, each mice had 18 units of data would be analyzed. The data obtained were analyzed with Anova to determine the significant differences before and after the treatment of extract and to be compared the difference between four groups with Dunnet T3 test to determine the difference between each group. Based on the statistical test results with Dunnet T3, it showed a significant difference between the fours study groups, except between treatment groups I and II. This might be due to the effectiveness of the two doses equally so that by doubling the dose, it did not give a doubling effect on decreasing spermatids. The provision of beluntas leaf extract can cause a decrease in the number of spermatid cells in mice. The average spermatid cells number decreased with increasing beluntas leaf extract dose. The best dose for reducing the number of spermatids in this study was the dose in the treatment group III that was 5.6 mg/g body weight.

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“…It has been suggested that the specific effects could be attributed to the estrogenic [35], androgenic [36] or anti-androgenic [37] properties of the extract. Although, the extract has been reported to possess mild estrogenic property [38], it is highly unlikely that this property alone would cause azoospermia in the monkey without affecting serum hormonal pattern or libido.…”

Section: B Non-hormonal Agents (Plant-derived Compounds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Male Contraception: An Overview of the Potential Target Events

Tulsiani¹,

Abou-Haïla²

2008

EMIDDT

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The contraceptive options available to men have not changed in several decades and are still limited to the non-surgical methods of the use of a condom, a timely withdrawal, or a surgical procedure that removes a segment of the vas deferens (vasectomy). The first two approaches have relatively higher failure rates whereas the last approach is largely irreversible and may not be suitable for younger men. Thus, providing a safe, effective and readily available contraception for men has remained an unfulfilled goal. In this article, we intend to review the current status of the research and development on male contraceptives. It is apparent that the scientific community in the past few decades has witnessed impressive progress in understanding the basics of male physiology, the knowledge necessary for developing new contraceptive methods for men. We will highlight various new and improved strategies for the regulation of fertility in males. The diverse approaches that are at various stages of development and/or in clinical trials include: 1) administration of hormones, herbal extracts or chemicals to suppress/arrest sperm production in the testes (spermatogenesis); 2) interference with the delivery of spermatozoa during ejaculation by targeted blockage of vas deferens with plugs or chemicals (polymers) that prevent flow of sperm through the vas duct; 3) active or passive immunization of males with well characterized antigens/antibodies which are intended to block sperm function; and 4) administration of site-directed antagonists to block specific sperm function(s) necessary for normal fertilization. All these approaches do not involve surgery and are reversible. Our intention is to discuss the current status of various approaches which show promising results in clinical trials, particularly in China and India, the world's most populous nations.

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Hormonal male contraception

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

Effects of methanol extracts of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. stem and Corchorus olitorius Linn. seed on male reproductive system of mice

Effects of methanol extracts of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. stem and Corchorus olitorius Linn. seed on male reproductive system of mice

Effect of beluntas (Pluchea indica) leaf extract on mice spermatogenesis

Male Contraception: An Overview of the Potential Target Events

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