Histopathological Changes of Placenta Associated with Maternal Anaemia in Northeast Ethiopia: A Comparative Study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Anaemia during pregnancy affects about half of all pregnant mothers in developing countries; it is the major causes of indirect maternal mortality. Anaemia can directly cause poor growth of fetus in utero due to inadequate oxygen flow to the placental tissue or it is indirect indicator of maternal nutritional deficiency. Mal-development of placenta is the leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and an important factor of fetal growth retardation. The aim of this study was to compare histopathological changes of placenta associated with maternal anaemia.METHODS: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from May-June, 2018 in Dessie Referral Hospital. A total of 66 placentas (33 anaemic and 33 non-anaemic) were collected after delivery. EPI data version 4.2.0 was used to enter the data while the data were analyzed by using SPSS version 22. Chi-square and oneway ANOVA were used to analyze the data.RESULTS; In pregnancies with maternal anaemia, 75.7% of anaemic placentas terminal villi vessels were increased in number, compared to 15.1% in non-anaemic (p=0.001). Placental calcification was 72.7% in anaemic groups compared to 54% in non-anaemic groups. However, it was insignificant (p=0.12). Intervillous space was wider in anaemic compared to non-anaemic groups (p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS; Chorionic villi capillaries were increased in number, and it was dilated in anaemic placenta, compared to non-anaemic. Intervillous space was significantly wider in anaemic placenta.

Impact of COVID-19 during pregnancy on placental pathology, maternal and neonatal outcome – A cross-sectional study on anemic term pregnant women from a tertiary care hospital in southern India

“…Capillary dilatation was accompanied by villous hypervascularity (increased number of capillaries per villus), in proportion to vessel dilation. Pathological evidence of FVM was earlier shown in many different studies (12,25,27,44,(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62), however, the severity of changes observed in our study was not seen in other studies.…”

The association between Hb levels in placenta previa patients with apgar scores

“…The placenta with inadequate vascularization expands to cover the entire birth canal (DS & Bird, 2017;Woods et al, 2018). In pregnant women, a deficiency of Hb levels can result in diminished placental vascularity (Gebremeskel et al, 2020;Rai & Cross, 2014). Observing the results of the initial survey and the data from the obstetrical medical record section at Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital, Semarang, the incidence of placenta previa has increased.…”

“…Additionally, expectant gravida patients who have a chance of developing placenta previa will be closely watched and transferred to hospitals with more advanced equipment. Support pregnant women's health by reducing the risk of placenta previa, one of which is caused by reduced vascularity in the placenta (Delli Pizzi et al, 2019;Firmansyah, 2017) that can be caused by a lack of Hb levels in pregnant women (Gebremeskel et al, 2020;Rai & Cross, 2014).…”

The Association Between Hb Levels and Placenta Previa in Gravida Patients

“…The placenta with insufficient vascularization then expands to cover all parts of the birth canal (DS & Bird, 2017;Woods et al, 2018). Reduced vascularity in the placenta can be caused by a lack of Hb levels in pregnant women (Gebremeskel et al, 2020;Rai & Cross, 2014). Seeing from the results of the initial survey by observing the data from the obstetrical medical record section at RSI Sultan Agung Semarang, there was an increase in the incidence of placenta previa.…”