Histopathological Analysis of Neoplastic Lesions of the Ovary: A 5-Year Retrospective Study at Tertiary Health Care Centre

Abstract

Introduction: Ovarian tumors represent about 30% of all cancers of the female genital system and 4% of all cancers in women. Indian trend analysis reveal a steady increase in the age-standardized incidence rate of ovarian cancer over past years, comprising up to 8.7% of cancers in different parts of the country. Aim and objective: To study the morphological pattern of benign and malignant ovarian neoplasm in various age presenting at our center over a period of 5-years. Material and methods: The present study was conducted retrospectively in the department of Pathology, BPS, GMC, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat. Data was collected after reviewing cases from 2012 to 2016 (5years). All cases of ovarian neoplasm both primary (benign and malignant) and metastatic were included in the study. Results: Of the total 152 ovarian specimens that presented during the study period, 119 were benign, 5 were borderline tumors and 28 malignant. Most of the benign tumors occurred between 20-40 years of age, while malignant tumors presented commonly after 50 years of age. Out of these only 24 cases had bilateral ovarian neoplasm. Surface epithelial tumors were the most common type followed by germ cell tumors. Conclusion: Benign ovarian tumors were more common than malignant ones across all age groups. On morphological grounds, tumors originating from surface epithelium were the most common variant.

Histopathological Study of Ovarian Tumors at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Central Nepal

“…Surface epithelial-stromal tumors were more common in various studies in Nepal, India and Pakistan ranging from 47-74%. 5,8,11,[13][14][15][16][19][20][21][22]25 However, germ cell tumors were slightly more common in present study which was similar to findings of Vaidya et al and Pradhan et al in Kathmandu, Nepal where germ cell tumors were more common and accounted for 51.52% and 53.85% respectively. 12,18 5.7% cases were sex cord stromal tumors in present study which was higher than findings of Maharjan ).…”

“…Common age group for benign tumors was similar, however, age group for malignant tumors was relatively older in other studies. 11,16,20,22,23 Present study emphasizes the need of proper histopathological evaluation of ovarian tumors at all ages due to relative predominance of malignant cases at younger age. However, larger sample size including more number of malignant cases is required.…”

“…12,18 5.7% cases were sex cord stromal tumors in present study which was higher than findings of Maharjan ). 8,11,15,19 However, Narang et al had 10.1% sex cord stromal tumors in their study. 20 Majority of cases of germ cell tumors 62/74 (83.8%) were seen below 40 years age whereas 33/72 (45.8%) of surface epithelial-stromal tumors were seen after 40 years.…”

“…5,12,15 Out of 137 benign tumors, 46.0% were surface epithelial-stromal tumors, 50.4% were germ cell tumors and 2.2% were sex cord-stromal tumors in present study. Surface epithelial-stromal tumors were more common benign tumors in some studies 5,11,15,19,25 whereas germ cell tumors were more common in others studies. 12,13,18 Dermoid cyst was most common benign tumor comprising 50.4% cases followed by serous cystadenoma in 33.6% cases in present study.…”

“…11 Age of the patients ranged from 12 to 88 years with mean±SD of age 36.6±14.4 years and maximum cases in 20 -40 years age group which was similar to studies done by Maharjan [12][13][14][15][16][17] Majority of the cases 137 (86.7%) were benign, 16 (10.1%) cases were malignant and 5 (3.2%) cases were borderline which was similar to various studies done in Nepal and India. [11][12][13]16,18,19 However in studies done by Mankar et al and Narang et al in India and Ahmad et al in Pakistan, malignant cases also accounted for significant percentage, 31.1%, 33.5% and 40.81% respectively. 14,20,21 Maximum number of both benign and malignant cases, 86/137 (62.8%) and 7/16 (43.7%) respectively, were seen in 20 -40 years age group.…”