Histocompatibility in Nemertines: Fates of Multiparental<i>Lineus</i>Constructed by Grafting of Pieces from Many Donors

Bièrne, Jacques

doi:10.1093/icb/25.1.135

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The missing postocellar region was reconstituted by intercalary regeneration, and the additional anterior ocellar region was eliminated by a process called transgeneration (20). Previous studies (14) have shown that in L. ruber a duplication of the esophagus region generated by grafting is maintained stably over a period of more than 2 years, and neither intercalary regeneration nor transgeneration was observed. In contrast, our present data show that a rostral duplication results in both intercalary regeneration and transgeneration, leading to a restoration of the normal A-P pattern.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Lineus ruber worms were collected from the English Channel along the coast of Brittany, near Roscoff (France), kept at constant temperature (12°C) under continuous darkness, and fed calf liver once a week. The Lineus body plan lacks segmentation, but it is characterized by 10, nonoverlapping, anatomical regions serially placed from the rostral to the caudal end (13,14). Transplantation experiments were performed by altering the pattern of the head region anterior to the brain.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transplantations were performed according to grafting procedures described previously (14). Allogeneic grafts inserted in the antecerebral end allowed us to manipulate the pattern of Lineus so that increasing order and͞or decreasing discontinuities were present in the sequence of A-P positional values (18,19).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difficulties that prevent reconstruction of animals by piecing together body fragments from several adult specimens have been overcome by using nemertines of the genus Lineus (14). Lineus, a marine ribbonworm, is a representative genus of the invertebrate phylum Nemertini.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Reverse homeosis in homeotically reconstructed ribbonworms

Gehring¹,

Bièrne²

1999

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Homeosis is the replacement of one body part by another, which may be caused by either developmental or genetic variations. It is particularly obvious in segmented animals, like insects, in which one body segment may be transformed into another. However, homeosis also occurs in animals without overt segmentation that also have detailed positional information specifying their body plan. By grafting, we have artificially generated homeotic ribbonworms of the species Lineus ruber with a duplicated ocellar region replacing the postocellar region anterior to the brain. Such chimeric animals are capable of complete morphogenetic regulation of the anterior-posterior (A-P) pattern. The missing postocellar region is restored by intercalary regeneration, and the anterior duplicated ocellar region is eliminated by a process called transgeneration. Thus, homeosis is reversed, and a completely normal pattern along the A-P axis is restored. This reverse homeosis involves the elimination of the syngeneic eyes and the survival of the grafted allogeneic eye region. LsPax-6, the Lineus sanguineus ortholog of the mammalian Pax-6 gene, which is considered to be a master control gene for eye morphogenesis, is expressed specifically in regenerating, regenerated, and intact eye regions. Our data show that ribbonworm eyes are either maintained or they regress according to their position along the A-P axis, even though there are no obvious segmental boundaries. This system allows us to test the function of LsPax-6 protein not only during eye regeneration but also during maintenance and regression of the eyes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reverse homeosis in homeotically reconstructed ribbonworms

Gehring¹,

Bièrne²

1999

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The phenomenon of self-nonself recognition has been observed in many invertebrates and is especially well studied in colonial sessile animals, such as sponges (Van de Vyver, 1970;Hildemann and Johnson, 1979;Mukai and Shimoda, 1986), hydrozoans (Hauenschild, 1954;Buss et al, 1984), corals (Rinkevich and Loya, 1983a, b), nemerteans (Bierne, 1985), earthworms (Cooper, 1968), terrestrial slugs (Yamaguchi et al, 1999), cockroaches (Hartman and Karp, 1989), bryozoans (Chaney, 1983;Shapiro, 1992;Ishii and Saito, 1995), sea stars (Karp and Hildemann, 1976), and compound ascidians (Bancroft, 1903;Oka and Watanabe, 1957;Mukai and Watanabe, 1974). As the sponge is situated basally in metazoan phylogeny (Borchiellini et al 2001), the ability to distinguish self from nonself in these animals is critical to developing an understanding of the evolution of the immune system in vertebrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colony Specificity in the Xenogeneic Combinations among Four Botrylloides Species (Urochordata, Ascidiacea)

2002

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Collecting and Culturing Lineus sanguineus to Study Nemertea WBR

Zattara

Fernández-Álvarez

2022

Methods in Molecular Biology

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Whole-body regeneration, the ability to reconstruct complete individuals from small fragments, is rare among ribbon worms (phylum Nemertea) but present in the pilidiophoran species Lineus sanguineus. This species can regenerate complete individuals from a tiny midbody section, and even from a quarter of a piece, provided it retains a fragment of a lateral nerve cord. While a few other unrelated species of ribbon worms are also excellent regenerators, L. sanguineus is unique in having evolved its regenerative abilities quite recently and thus offers an exceptional opportunity to gain insight into the evolutionary mechanisms of regeneration enhancement. Interestingly, both its sister species Lineus lacteus and Lineus pseudolacteus, a third species derived from the recent hybridization of the other two, differ in their regeneration abilities: while L. lacteus is uncapable of regenerating a lost head, L. pseudolacteus is capable of anterior regeneration, albeit at a slower rate than L. sanguineus. L. sanguineus has a worldwide distribution in temperate shores of both hemispheres, is readily found at intertidal habitats, and can survive, feed and be bred through asexual replication with minimal effort in laboratory settings. All the above make this species a superb candidate for studies of regenerative biology. In this chapter, we present protocols to collect, identify and breed L. sanguineus to study the extraordinary whole-body regeneration abilities found in this species.

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Histocompatibility in Nemertines: Fates of MultiparentalLineusConstructed by Grafting of Pieces from Many Donors

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Reverse homeosis in homeotically reconstructed ribbonworms

Reverse homeosis in homeotically reconstructed ribbonworms

Colony Specificity in the Xenogeneic Combinations among Four Botrylloides Species (Urochordata, Ascidiacea)

Collecting and Culturing Lineus sanguineus to Study Nemertea WBR

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