Histochemical changes induced by Trichoderma spp. and potassium phosphite in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in response to the attack by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum

Abstract

Induction of resistance in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) has been considered a promising alternative to control anthracnose. Among the changes generated in the induction of resistance, structural changes have been reported by several authors as an efficient form of resistance to the stress plants undergo. Histochemical analysis techniques have been used to investigate tissue changes triggered by induction of resistance. Thus, this study aims to investigate certain histochemical changes suffered by common bean plants induced with potassium phosphite and Trichoderma spp. in response to the attack by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, aiming to determine the host response pattern in terms of structural changes, associating it to possible disease control. Treatments consisted of isolates T. harzianum (isolate TOD1) and T. virens (isolate TM4), leaf fertilizer potassium phosphite Fertilis®, and distilled water (control). Inducers were applied to common bean alone or associated, consisting of five treatments plus the control treatment. The six treatments were evaluated for the absence and presence of C. lindemuthianum in a factorial scheme (6×2). Treatments allowed evaluating the severity of anthracnose in common bean, location of H2O2, lignin deposition, and hypersensitivity response in common bean hypocotyl by histochemical staining. Potassium phosphite and combinations of T. virens and T. harzianum with potassium phosphite efficiently reduced disease severity under greenhouse conditions, reaching 68, 84, and 71%, respectively. Studies with hypocotyl showed that T. harzianum + potassium phosphite and T. virens + potassium phosphite accelerated the H2O2 accumulation process and lignin deposition at the pathogen penetration site, in addition to the hypersensitivity reaction through the resistance-inducing activity, contributing to the protection of common bean against anthracnose caused by C. lindemuthianum.

Determination of the efficacies of different phosphites in the management of tomato bacterial speck disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato

“…Indeed, phosphites are extensively available either as a superior source of plant phosphorus nutrition (P) or can trigger plant host defense as plant defense activators that are translocated in both xylem and phloem to prevent pathogen invasion over a wide range of hosts (Hardy et al, 2001;McDonald et al, 2001). The efficacy of phosphites has already been verified for many plant fungal diseases including soybean anthracnose and downy mildew (Silva et al, 2011;da Silva Junior et al, 2021), apple scab and Moldy-Core Decay (Reuveni et al, 2003;Felipini et al, 2016), common bean anthracnose (Figueira et al, 2020), Phytophthora crown rot on zucchini (Gilardi et al, 2020), coffee leaf rust (Junior et al, 2021) and potato late blight (Liljeroth et al, 2016;Najdabbasi et al, 2022). However, few studies conducted on the effect of several phosphites for plant bacterial diseases including potato soft rot (Lobato et al, 2011), fire blight (Bahadou et al, 2017) and common bacterial blight (Costa et al, 2020).…”

Incremento Da Produtividade De Milho Pela Inoculação De Trichoderma Harzianum / Increase in Maize Productivity Through by Trichoderma Harzianum Inoculation

“…Estudos já comprovaram a capacidade de cepas do gênero Trichoderma em produzir ácido indol acético, uma importante substância indutora de crescimento vegetal, e solubilizar fósforo (DE OLIVEIRA et al, 2012;KRIBEL et al, 2019;BADER et al, 2020), bem como estimular o enraizamento (AMARAL et al, 2017;STEFFEN et al, 2019), beneficiando diretamente a nutrição das plantas. Além dos efeitos hormonais e nutricionais, atuam no controle biológico de fitopatógenos e na indução de resistência das plantas à ocorrência de doenças (STEFFEN et al, 2016;BADER et al, 2020;FIGUEIRA et al, 2020;GABARDO et al, 2020).…”

Sulfur Induces Resistance against Canker Caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidae via Phenolic Components Increase and Morphological Structure Modification in the Kiwifruit Stems

“…Plant-induced disease resistance was considered to be a promising treatment as a substitute for the application of the chemical fungicide, which refers to the use of exogenous factors, including physical, chemical and biological factors, to pre-treat plants and induce their defense mechanism, so that the initial susceptible reaction produces local or systematic resistance [4][5][6]. Under the induction of exogenous substances, the structural, physiological and biochemical resistance of plants would change to a certain extent, such as the formation of papillae, lignification, the precipitation of callose, and the accumulation of phenolic compounds and disease-related proteins, which are closely related to plant resistance [7][8][9]. Studies on induced resistance have achieved good results in soybean [10], wheat [11], and melon [12,13], among others.…”