High‐strength/high‐modulus polyvinyl alcohol fiber reinforced poly(amino acid)/hydroxyapatite composite for load‐bearing orthopedics applications

Abstract

Bone defects in the load‐bearing area require bone reconstruction using strong biomaterial with mechanical properties like cortical bone. Herein, the high‐strength/high‐modulus polyvinyl alcohol fiber (PVA) was first designed to incorporate into poly(amino acid) (PAA)/hydroxyapatite (HA) to obtain a new poly(amino acid)/hydroxyapatite/polyvinyl alcohol fiber (PAA/HA/PVA) composite via a melt extrusion process. To improve the interfacial adhesive performance, the titanate coupling agent HY‐109 [isopropyl tris(dodecylbenzenesulfonyl) titanate] was used for simultaneously graft modification of the PVA fiber and HA (TPVA, THA). The effect of their components on the mechanical properties and degradation ability were investigated by electromechanical universal testing machine and in vitro phosphate buffer solution soaking. The results indicated that the PAA/30THA/20TPVA composite had the most ideal mechanical and degradation properties, which far exceed those of PAA and PAA/THA composite. In addition, in vitro simulated body fluid immersion and cell culture experiment showed the PAA/THA/TPVA composites boosted in vitro bioactivity and exhibited excellent cytocompatibility and osteogenic activity in cell attachment, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, matrix mineralization, and osteogenesis‐related gene expression. These reports demonstrated that the developed PAA/THA/TPVA composite displayed comprehensive performance optimizations, which showed its potential as a novel biomaterial to be applied as load‐bearing implant in the field of orthopedics.

Simulation of tensile strength for polymer hydroxyapatite nanocomposites by interphase and nanofiller dimensions

“…[4][5][6][7] In clinical applications, HA is highly valued for its biocompatibility, closely mirroring the mineral component of bones and teeth. [8][9][10][11][12] Consequently, HA has become the focus of numerous studies, particularly in the development of nanocomposites, membranes, fibers, and scaffolds. [13][14][15][16] The preparation of HA nanofillers encompasses various methods, including sol-gel synthesis, precipitation, hydrothermal reaction, and micro-emulsion techniques.…”

“…It is widely utilized in nanocomposites, noted for their exceptional bioactivity and biocompatibility (see Figure 1). 4–7 In clinical applications, HA is highly valued for its biocompatibility, closely mirroring the mineral component of bones and teeth 8–12 . Consequently, HA has become the focus of numerous studies, particularly in the development of nanocomposites, membranes, fibers, and scaffolds 13–16 …”

CuSO4/H2O2 induced polydopamine/polysulfobetaine methacrylate co-deposition on poly(amino acid) membranes for improved anti-protein adsorption and antibacterial activity

“…Poly(amino acid) (PAA) is a polymer with a structure similar to collagen, which is widely utilized as a biomedical device due to its remarkable advantages of easy availability, simple preparation, non-toxicity of degradation products, and easy absorption by the body [29][30][31]. In recent years, PAA-based polymers have shown promising application scenarios in the field of absorbable sutures, artificial skin and controlled release drugs [32,33].…”

Hydroxyapatite/hyperbranched polyitaconic acid/chitosan composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering

“…[22][23][24][25][26][27] Generally, because of biocompatibility and osteoconductivity, 28 hydroxyapatite, is the main component of natural bone which is originally composes of a complex nanocomposite material made up of both inorganic and organic components. [29][30][31] Nevertheless, the medical use of CS/HAP composite scaffold is restricted due to the poor rheological properties of the scaffold. This is because chitosan tends to swell extensively in water, which hinders the extensive application of that composite.…”

“…Therefore, CS/HAP composite scaffolds have been thoroughly studied in the field of bone tissue engineering applications 22–27 . Generally, because of biocompatibility and osteoconductivity, 28 hydroxyapatite, is the main component of natural bone which is originally composes of a complex nanocomposite material made up of both inorganic and organic components 29–31 . Nevertheless, the medical use of CS/HAP composite scaffold is restricted due to the poor rheological properties of the scaffold.…”