High‐frequency floating memristor emulator and its experimental results

Abstract

In this study, a high-frequency floating-type memristor emulator has been presented. The proposed emulator circuit uses a current conveyor transconductance amplifier, second generation current conveyor, three resistors and a grounded capacitor. The presented floating-type memristor can be configured in both incremental and decremental configurations and performs well up to 5 MHz. The equivalent memristor equation is verified by theoretical analysis of the proposed circuit which also includes non-ideal analysis. The theoretical proposition has been verified through personal simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis simulations using TSMC 0.25 μm complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology parameters. Moreover, non-volatility and Monte Carlo simulation have been performed to check the robustness of the circuit. The effectiveness of the presented memristor emulator design has been verified by printed circuit board prototype using commonly available integrated circuits AD844 and CA3080. The experimental results are included, which show good agreement with the theoretical and simulation results. To test the functionalities of the proposed designs, their applications as parallel and serial combinations, high-pass filter and Chua's oscillator have been presented.

Tunable flux‐controlled floating memristor emulator circuits

“…Memristor emulators can be divided into two types according to their structures: floating memristors [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and grounded memristors [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], with only certain memristor emulator circuits being suitable for high frequencies in the order of megahertz (MHz) [4,5,7,10,16,17,23,24]. Some of them can operate with a variable configuration, as one of the solutions proposed here, meaning that it is possible to emulate grounded or floating type of memristor with the same circuits [25][26][27].…”

“…For this reason, various activecircuit-element-based memristor circuits can be found in the literature based on operational amplifier (OpAmp) [3], secondgeneration current conveyor (CCII) [6,8,12,14,21,22], differential difference CCs (DDCC) [5], current backward transconductance amplifier (CBTA) [18], operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) [9,11,15,19,25] differential voltage-CC transconductance amplifier (DVCCTA) [17], currentfeedback OpAmp (CFOA) [13,20,26]. Floating memristor emulators using one CCTA, one CCII and few passive elements have been proposed in [4], while the circuits [27] are based on only one CCTA. The active-circuit-based memristors have certain advantages such as electronic tunability of memristance value and easily designed circuits, as well as certain disadvantages such as power consumption, noise and restricted operating frequency, which are due to their structures and operating performances.…”

Floating memristor and inverse memristor emulation configurations with electronic/resistance controllability

“…Using the various mathematical models developed for the current–voltage relationship of an ideal memristor, the several circuit emulators to realise the memristor behaviour based on modern active elements have been reported by researchers in the last decade. Some of the popular floating memristor emulators have been described in [10–22].…”

“…A floating memristor emulator is presented in [10], which is based on one CCTA (current controlled transconductance amplifier) and single CCII (second generation current conveyor). It employs two resistances (one floating and one grounded) along with single grounded capacitance.…”

“…In addition to design aspects, the performance of circuits reported in [10–22] is also studied. On careful investigation of transient VI characteristics of the memristor emulator reported in [10], it can be observed that the presented emulation circuit exhibits poor frequency dependency, i.e. the lobe area shows a negligible change on increasing the frequency.…”