Heterogeneous biocatalyst: Polyurethane foam coating technique with co-immobilized lipase for bio-flavor production

Abstract

Bio-flavor is produced from the esterification reaction including free fatty acids and citronellol. Free fatty acids (lauric C12) can be obtained from the hydrolysis of coconut oil substrate. Both of these reactions use heterogeneous polyurethane foam (PUF) matrix catalysts which immobilize the lipase enzyme. PUF is used as an immobilized matrix, because it has characteristics as open cell, rigid, high porosity, consists of of the ether-, carbamate-, amide-groups, so it has the ability to absorb water-oil. PUF has been modified its surface structure by co-immobilized lipase coating technique to make it more hydrophobic/oleofilic. Co immobilized consists of a mixture of gelatine, lechitin, polyethylene glycol (PEG), MgCl2. The aim of this research is to compare the immobilization technique of lipase Mucor miehei using different carriers, that are zeolite, alginate and polyurethane foam (PUF) to produce bio-flavor at mild condition. Each of that was through the mechanism of adsorption, entrapment and covalent binding process. The research was done in specific condition and all of the carriers has gone through the esterification process using different mole ratio of FFA and citronellol. Optimum result of bio-flavor conversion was obtained at the temperature of 40°C, highest thermal stability of 90% and the ability for reusage 4 times on PUF carrier. This results have proven to be cheaper on cost and environmentally friendly.

Development of a Novel Support Modification for Efficient Lipase Immobilization: Preparation, Characterization, and Application for Bio-flavor Production

“…Secondly, MgCl2 was selected as a crosslinking agent to stabilize the immobilized lipase. Crosslinking agents like MgCl2 help form stronger bonds between enzyme molecules and the support matrix, thereby improving the robustness of the immobilization process [22]. Lastly, PEG was included as a spacer molecule to create distance between enzyme molecules and the support matrix [23], reducing steric hindrance and enhancing enzyme accessibility to substrates [24].…”

Immobilization of enzymatic extract in polyester fiber emulsified with polyurethane resin

“…The use of polyurethane monomers for enzyme immobilization has been investigated by several authors, including in works of this research group (NYARI et al, 2016;FERNANDES et al, 2018;NYARI et al, 2018;SBARDELOTTO et al, 2018;CUI, LI and LI, 2019;BRESOLIN et al, 2019;BUSTAMANTE-VARGAS et al, 2015;BUSTAMANTE-VARGAS et al, 2019;MOENTAMARIA et al, 2020). However, this study sought to develop a simple immobilization method with mild reaction conditions to avoid the denaturation of enzymes, using a commercial material known as Polyester Fiber Emulsified with Polyurethane Resin (FPERP).…”