Hepatoprotective Effects of Solanum nigrum Linn Fruits Against Cadmium Chloride Toxicity in Albino Rats

Abstract

The present work is aimed to investigate the toxicity of 1/20 LD50 of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on male albino rats by oral ingestion and to determine the hepatoprotective effect of Solanum nigrum Linn (SN) dried fruits and their ethanolic extract against CdCl2 toxicity using biochemical parameters. Rats were divided into six groups; the first group is control, second group is CdCl2-intoxicated rats, third group is fed with a semi-modified diet with S. nigrum fruits, fourth group rats ingested with dried extract, and intoxicated rats (groups 5 and 6) were treated with fruits and ethanolic extract of S. nigrum, respectively. The results showed that rats exposed to CdCl2 induced remarkable decrease in body weight gain, feed efficiency, and Hb, Hct, RBC, and WBC count and MCHC, but increase in MCV and MCH values. In the case of plasma enzymes, there were significant stimulations observed in ALT and AST, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and LDH activities of CdCl2-intoxicated rats (group 2) compared to control (group 1). Plasma protein profile showed decreases in total soluble protein and albumin; also globulin content was decreased by CdCl2 ingestion. Under the same condition, plasma total bilirubin and glucose levels were increased in group 2. In addition, lipid peroxidation and antioxidative system (GSH, catalase, and SOD) of liver were harmed by CdCl2 ingestion. Whereas, normal rats treated with SN showed insignificant changes in groups 3 and 4 as compared to control (group 1). The treatment with dried fruits and their ethanolic extract in CdCl2-intoxicated rats (groups 5 and 6) ameliorated and improved these harmful effects in all above parameters either for blood or liver. The results of this study suggest the protective effect of S. nigrum against liver injury happened by CdCl2 which may be attributed to its hepatoprotective activity and thereby.

Evaluation of therapeutic effects of camel milk against the hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by fipronil and lead acetate and their mixture

“…These adverse effects have been described not only in human but also in other animals. The ingestion of lead acetate into male of albino rats caused decreases in the average gain of body weight and increased orangs weight increases in liver function in enzymes (ALT and AST) Activity and changed the lipid profile but total soluble protein and albumin contents of plasma were decreased and cholinesterase activity was inhibited, in contrast alkaline and acid phosphatases as well as LDH activities were increased (Abdel-Rahim et al 2014 ). The lead ingestion reduced the blood hemoglobin and RBC count under the same condition (Ibrahim et al 2011 ).…”

Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity induced by fipronil and lead acetate and their mixture as well as evaluation of therapeutic effects of camel milk against their harmful.

“…The effects of lead acetate and pronil as well as their mixture on liver and kidney tissues of the experimental normal rats as relative rat's weight (g)/100g rats' body weight are represented in table (5). The both organs weight was increased signi cantly under the induction of lead acetate ar pronil as well as their mixture.…”

Elicitation based enhancement of solasodine production in in-vitro cultures of different Solanum species

“…Solanumis one of the important traditional medicinal plants with wide range of pharmacological properties like anticancer, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antiulcerogenic and neuroprotective effects. It is extensively applied in various herbal and Ayurveda formulations in the form of syrup and capsules (Abdel-Rahim et al, 2014;Chester et al, 2017). Solanum species contain several free and glycosylated alkaloids which gradually gets converted into the precursor for the synthesis of steroids (Solouki et al, 2011).…”