Heavy metals effect on breast cancer progression

Abstract

BackgroundBreast cancer is the most frequent localization of malignant process in American women and women of European countries. To date it is not possible to control the morbidity growth due to lack of effective ways of primary prevention. Comparing the incidence of breast cancer in developed countries with the countries of Asia and Africa, there is the fact of population predominance lesion in more urbanized countries. This suggests that the environment along with other factors, occupies a significant place in the initiation and progression of breast neoplasia. The impressive rates of industrial development led to the pollution of soil, surface water and, as a consequence, food by heavy metal salts.The purposes of this paper are as follows: the chemical composition determination of neoplastic breast tissue, evaluation of the DNA methylation level, study of prognostic-important receptors expression in the breast cancer cells, establishing linkages between all the derived indicators.MethodsIn our study we used the following methods: studying of the chemical composition of breast cancer tissue by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and energy-dispersion spectrometer; іmmunohistochemical study of ER, PR, HER2/neu, p53, Ki-67, E-cadherin and MGMT receptors; DNA extraction and investigation by oscillating infrared spectroscopy method.ResultsThe total amount of heavy metals in breast cancer tissue ranged from 51.21 × 10−3 to 84.86 × 10−3 μg/kg. We have got the following results: the growth of heavy metals in neoplastic tissue is accompanied with the increase of HER2/neu, p53, Ki-67, MGMT expression and decrease of ER and PR expression. The increment of pathological DNA methylation is accompanied with the increasing amount of heavy metals in tumor tissue.ConclusionsHeavy metals through different pathogenetic links stimulate the progression of breast cancer and reduce its sensitivity to treatment. DNA of tumor tissue has a different level of methylation which changes with the amount of heavy metals in cancer cells. This is displayed on the synthesis of prognostically important receptors in neoplastic tissue.

Aggregated aluminium exposure: risk assessment for the general population

“…Instead, other studies suggest that accumulation of aluminium in diseased tissue could be the result rather than the cause for cancer development (Mirick et al 2002;Ogoshi et al 1994). This hypothesis is further strengthened by the findings of other studies that the amount of other elements, such as iron, nickel, chromium and lead, is also significantly elevated in breast cancer tissue (Ionescu et al 2007;Romaniuk et al 2017). However, one recent study indicates the respective aluminium to at least partly originate from the use of antiperspirants (Lenhart et al 2017).…”

Spatio-temporal Mapping of Breast and Prostate Cancer in South Iran During 2014-2017

“…Therefore, soil, water and nutrition of Rafsanjan and the adjacent townships, located the North-West of the province, are subject to the potential negative effects of these heavy metals. Indeed, previous studies have found associations between heavy metals and breast and prostate cancers (50)(51)(52). The current study strongly recommends to examine the hypothesis which exposure to heavy metals, especially arsenic and copper, may associate with high incidence of gender-speci c cancers in the northwest of Kerman Province.…”

Effect of heavy metals on the readaptive processes in the urinary bladder

“…Nevertheless, more recent research has shown that the that long-term of HMS exposure leads to increases of HM accumulation level in the UB tissue which influence significantly on the morphometric parameters of organ wall thickness (this data has not been published yet).A lot of simulated studies demonstrated that the organ easily exposed to development of inflammatory diseases of various genesis that accompanied by urodynamic disorders 15,17 . A considerable amount of scientific data on associate disruption of the level of physiological concentrations trace elements with the development of oncological pathology of the bladder and other different organshas been published 9,10,[19][20][21] . Taking into account, the technological development of the industry and the use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture led to environment pollution by HM 22 .…”

“…Unfortunately, the imbalance in chemical elements leads to the homeostasis disruption and the development of the pathologies, caused by the effect of these pollutants 3,6,8 . More recently, new information appears in the world literature that describes the pathogenetic features of the development of environmentally caused diseases due to the residence in contaminated areas 8,10 . Uncontrolled growth of the rate of HMS is mostly accompanied by the failure of the compensatory mechanisms of the body with the development of oxidative stress due to the imbalance between the active oxygen species and antioxidants 11 .…”