Heart rots in living trees

Wagener, Willis W.; Davidson, Ross W.

doi:10.1007/bf02872367

Cited by 67 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…While these openings may be caused by extreme weather events such as wind and ice which break branches, the chief means of entry is through wounds caused by fire (Scharpf & Goheen, 1993). Once established at a host site, the fungi attack the heartwood, converting both the carbohydrate and lignin heartwood components into food, expanding primarily vertically in the tree (Wagener & Davidson, 1954;Scharpf & Goheen, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, trees often survive heart rot infestations but, because of the loss of heartwood, become structurally less sound and more susceptible to climatic elements such as wind-throw (Wagener & Davidson, 1954). Decay rates vary considerably between trees and may be affected by the presence of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) and moisture in the heartwood, as well as heartwood temperature (Wagener &Davidson, 1954). Additionally, older heartwood appears more susceptible to decay than heartwood formed closer to the sapwood, possibly because of a decline in the presence of fungicide or fungistatic volatile oils and/or tannins that decrease towards the pith (Wagener &Davidson, 1954).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Geographical distribution of an 18th-century heart rot outbreak in western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis spp.occidentalis Hook.)

Knapp

Soulé

1999

Journal of Arid Environments

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Geographical distribution of an 18th-century heart rot outbreak in western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis spp.occidentalis Hook.)

Knapp

Soulé

1999

Journal of Arid Environments

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“…A very useful review of the literature on heart rots in living trees and in relating decay to site, stand history, and stand composition has been presented by Wagener and Davidson (9). There is, however, a scarcity of the latter information for spruce in Alberta.…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Progress Of Decay In Living Trees O mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart Rots in Relation to the Management of Spruce in Alberta

Nordin¹

1956

The Forestry Chronicle

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Some of the factors influencing the progress o f decay and the estimation and prevention of decay in living trees are considered in relation to the forest management o f spruce in Alberta.There are various types of diseases that affect spruce throughout its life from the time the seed germinates to the time that the tree completes its natural life span. These diseases are physiogenic or pathogenic in origin, or they may be the result of an inter-relationship of both these categories.Some physiogenic diseases that affect spruce are frost, as exhibited by the discoloration in foliage and by frost cracks which may provide areas of infection for heart rot fungi; chlorosis, as evidenced by unhealthy foliage caused by unfavorable environment or soil conditions; flood injury, causing local mortality and resulting from beaver dams; hail damage; and lightning, causing complete or partial shattering of the tree or injury through scarring.Examples of pathogenic diseases are "damping-off" of seedlings; cankers; stains; root rots and trunk rots; snow blight; cone rusts; rust and needle cast diseases of the foliage; and damage caused by dwarf mistletoes. A number of diseases, such as the burls or tumors on spruce, are of unknown origin.

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“…Review articles on heart rots in trees (Bakshi andSingh 1970, Wagener andDavidson 1954) and most individual reports, conclude that there is a higher proportion of decay to sound wood in trees growing on poor sites than on good sites; they seldom refer to the possible influence of decay on growth rate of trees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Decay on Growth Rate in a White Spruce Plantation

Lachance¹

1978

The Forestry Chronicle

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In a white spruce plantation, sound dominant and codominant trees increased their total volume by 55.3% between ages 36 and 46 years, while trees with butt decay grew only 44.0%. In net terms, during that 10-year period. sound trees produced 27% more wood in volume than trees with butt decay. Growth reduction increased with increasing amount of decay present, but not in comparable proportions. This is explained by the presence mainly of root and butt rot fungi which severely affect the root system before causing much decay. Growth losses were evaluated from observations on trees still living at the end of the 10-year period; losses from trees which died during this time were not included. Polyporus tomentosus, a root and butt rot fungus which is relatively important in coniferous plantations, caused 66% (in volume and frequency] of the decay.Dans une plantation d'epinette blanche de 46 ans, les arbres sains dominants et co-dominants ont augment6 leur volume total de 55.3% en 10 ans, alors que les arbres comparables, mais avec carie, ont crO de 44.0% seulement. En termes nets, les arbres sains ont crij 27% plus durant cette periode que les arbres comparables avec carie. Le taux de croissance diminuait avec I'augmentation du volume c a r 6 mais pas proportionnellement. La dominance des champignons de carie du pied et des racines chez ces arbres caries explique le phenomgne rapport6 ci-dessus. La reduction de croissance rapportee concerne seulement les arbres vivants au debut et 5 la fin de I'experience et exclut ceux qui seraient morts, mdme B cause d'une carie des racines, durant la periode d'etude. Polyporus tomentosus, un champignon de carie des racines et du pied des arbres, et relativement important en plantations de coniferes. Btait la cause de 66% de la carie observee, soit en volume, soit en incidence.

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Heart rots in living trees

Cited by 67 publications

References 92 publications

Geographical distribution of an 18th-century heart rot outbreak in western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis spp.occidentalis Hook.)

Geographical distribution of an 18th-century heart rot outbreak in western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis spp.occidentalis Hook.)

Heart Rots in Relation to the Management of Spruce in Alberta

The Effect of Decay on Growth Rate in a White Spruce Plantation

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