Hardness and elastic properties of Ti(CxN1−x), Zr(CxN1−x) and Hf(CxN1−x)

Yang, Qi; Lengauer, W.; Koch, Thomas; Scheerer, Michael; Smid, I.

doi:10.1016/s0925-8388(00)01057-4

Cited by 151 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Schematic representation of the composite elastic modulus versus a function depending on the indenter displacement, h, the film thickness, t, and a fitting parameter, α i . et al [30] have measured Young's moduli of 450 GPa, 370 GPa and 410-450 GPa for bulk Ti(C x N 1 − x ), Ti(C x N 1 − x ) 0.81 and Hf(C x N 1 − x ) [31], whereas Lugscheider et al [32] have reported values between 380 and 600 GPa for TiHfCrN supperlattice thin films obtained by arc-PVD.…”

Section: Hardness Determination Of Tihfcn Thin Filmmentioning

confidence: 99%

A contact area function for Berkovich nanoindentation: Application to hardness determination of a TiHfCN thin film

et al. 2014

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Section: Hardness Determination Of Tihfcn Thin Filmmentioning

confidence: 99%

A contact area function for Berkovich nanoindentation: Application to hardness determination of a TiHfCN thin film

et al. 2014

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“…[3] (2) There is no ambiguity in determining micro-and nanohardness (H) of TiC x N 1Àx as functions of composition. Results on wellcharacterized specimens [3,4] show that H increases monotonously with x, while the samples [5] exhibit a minimum at a valence electron concentration per cell (VEC) of about 8.5. On the contrary, the authors [1,6,7] report a maximum hardness for the alloys in the middle of the composition range (VEC ; 8.4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3) The bulk modulus (B) of TiC x N 1Àx shows a slight negative deviation from the mixing rule B(x) 5 xB TiC 1 (1 À x)B TiN . (4) The shear modulus (G) has a slight maximum of 196 GPa for a VEC ; 8.4 to 8.3. [4] To our knowledge, there have been relatively few theoretical studies on the mechanical properties of titanium carbonitride alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic origin of elastic properties of titanium carbonitride alloys

Иващенко

Turchi

Gonis

et al. 2006

Metall Mater Trans A

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We have carried out numerical ab initio calculations of the elastic constants for several cubic ordered structures modeling titanium carbonitride (TiC x N 1Àx ) alloys. The calculations were performed using the full-potential linear augmented plane-wave method (FPLAPW) to calculate the total energy as functions of volume and strain, after which the data were fit to the traditional Murnaghan equation of state and to a polynomial function of strain to determine the formation energy; the bulk modulus; and the elastic constants C 11 , C 12 , and C 44 . The predicted equilibrium lattice parameters are slightly higher than those found experimentally (on average by 0.2 pct). The computed formation energy indicates that the alloys are stable in the entire range of the carbon concentration x and the maximum stability is obtained for 0.5 # x # 0.75. The computed bulk modulus, the shear modulus G, and the Young's modulus E are within approximately 2, 1, and 2 pct of the experimentally measured characteristics, respectively. The maximum deviation is observed for TiC and TiN. The moduli G, E, and Poisson's ratio reach a maximum value at approximately the middle of the concentration range, which is due to the fact that the shear modulus C 44 shows a maximum value for a valence electron concentration (VEC) in the range of 8.25 to 8.5. The other shear modulus (C 11 -C 12 )/2 does not exhibit any maximum overall concentration range and instead has a flat dependence in the range mentioned previously. Such a concentration behavior of the elastic constants is related to specific changes in the band structure of TiC x N 1Àx alloys caused by the orthorhombic and monoclinic strains that determine the shear moduli (C 11 -C 12 )/2 and C 44 , respectively.

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“…The bulk modulus, K p , of the particle is 230 GPa for Zr(N,C)-inclusions and 280 GPa for TiN-inclusions [45]. Assuming stress-free conditions after the maraging and nitriding treatment at 480°C, cooling to room temperature (DT = 460 K) would lead to compressive residual stresses of 230 MPa in Zr(N,C)-and only 60 MPa in TiN-inclusions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of inclusion type on the very high cycle fatigue properties of 18Ni maraging steel

Karr¹,

Schuller²,

Fitzka³

et al. 2017

J Mater Sci

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The very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) properties of four 18Ni maraging steels were investigated. Ultrasonic fatigue tests were performed on thin sheets with nitrided surfaces at load ratio R = 0.1. Traditional maraging steel containing Ti (material A) showed crack initiation at TiN-inclusions. The elimination of Ti and the increase in Co content (material B) lead to preferential crack initiation at aluminate-inclusions. Aluminate-inclusions are less damaging than TiN-inclusions, and material B shows higher VHCF strength than material A. A further developed maraging steel (material C) with reduced Co content that is compensated for by alloying with Al showed crack initiation at aluminate-as well as at Zr(N,C)-inclusions. Zr(N,C)-inclusions are more damaging than aluminateinclusions and less damaging than TiN-inclusions. The highest VHCF strength was found for a recently developed alloy with further increased Al content (material D). In addition to inclusion-initiated fracture, this material showed shear mode crack initiation in the nitrided zone at the surface.

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Hardness and elastic properties of Ti(CxN1−x), Zr(CxN1−x) and Hf(CxN1−x)

Cited by 151 publications

References 11 publications

A contact area function for Berkovich nanoindentation: Application to hardness determination of a TiHfCN thin film

A contact area function for Berkovich nanoindentation: Application to hardness determination of a TiHfCN thin film

Electronic origin of elastic properties of titanium carbonitride alloys

Influence of inclusion type on the very high cycle fatigue properties of 18Ni maraging steel

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