Gut microbiome analysis of type 2 diabetic patients from the Chinese minority ethnic groups the Uygurs and Kazaks

Abstract

The gut microbiome may have an important influence on the development of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). To better understand the DM2 pandemic in ethnic minority groups in China, we investigated and compared the composition and richness of the gut microbiota of healthy, normal glucose tolerant (NGT) individuals and DM2 patients from two ethnic minority groups in Xinjiang, northwest China, the Uygurs and Kazaks. The conserved V6 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified by PCR from the isolated DNA. The amplified DNA was sequenced and analyzed. An average of 4047 high quality reads of unique tag sequences were obtained from the 40 Uygurs and Kazaks. The 3 most dominant bacterial families among all participants, both healthy and DM2 patients, were the Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Enterobacteriaceae. Significant differences in intestinal microbiota were found between the NGT individuals and DM2 patients, as well as between the two ethnic groups. Our findings shed new light on the gut microbiome in relation to DM2. The differentiated microbiota data may be used for potential biomarkers for DM2 diagnosis and prevention.

<p><em>Phocea</em>, <em>Pseudoflavonifractor</em> and <em>Lactobacillus intestinalis</em>: Three Potential Biomarkers of Gut Microbiota That Affect Progression and Complications of Obesity-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus</p>

“…They could accelerate the course of diabetes 39 and positively correlates with the degree of atherosclerotic lesions in apoE (apolipoprotein E) KO (knockout) mice, 40 which also suggested that high abundance of Lachnospiracea might potentially predict serious complications like cardiovascular disease. A population research suggested Peptostreptococcacea enriched in a normal group compared to T2DM group, 41 which was consistent with our study. At genus level, Phocea, Pseudoflavonifractor, and Flavonifractor that all belonged to family Ruminococcaceae had higher abundance in fa/fa group.…”

Molecular estimation of alteration in intestinal microbial composition in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients

“…At the phylum level, Actinobacteria showeda raised level in the diseased group as compared to control which is consistent with previous work of physiological stress and gut microbiota [37]. The relative abundance of families Prevotellaceae and Veillonellaceae was lowered in patients group in contrast to healthy control which is aligned with previous work [33,38].Veillonellaceae has beneficial commensal role i.e.very closely interrelated toClostridium and isinvolved inthe induction of immune T regulatory cells [39].While Enterobacteriaceae and Alcaligenaceae were higher in the diseased group in comparison to healthy control.A Higher level of Enterobacteriaceae is aligned with previous work of type 2 diabetic patients and gut flora [40].However, decreased genera in the diseased group were Prevotella_9 and Dialister. The diminished Prevotella presence has been shown in a disease like autism and types1 diabetes with intestinal microbiota [41,42], while augmented genera in the diseased group were Escherichia-Shigella and Parasutterella.…”

Characterization of the Gut Microbiota of Individuals at Different T2D Stages Reveals a Complex Relationship with the Host

“…The Commamonadaceae family, with members typically associated with high-fiber diets and with a contested role in T2D, is reported to be among 22 families contributing to significant differences in the microbial richness between individuals with normal glucose tolerance and those with T2D in subjects of Kazakhs ethnicity [35]. In our study, the Comamonadaceae family was found in higher abundance only in members of the PRE group.…”