“…Integrated optical devices are frequently used for communications 1 and biochemical applications. 2 In the last decade, optical interferometry 3,4 is an evolving field which has been adopted for sensing applications.…”
Section: A Buried Anti Resonant Reflecting Optical Waveguide For An Imentioning
A buried anti resonant reflecting optical waveguide for an integrated Mach Zehnder structure based on porous silicon material is achieved using a classical photolithography process. Three distinct porous silicon layers are then elaborated in a single step, by varying the porosity (thus the refractive index) and the thickness while respecting the anti-resonance conditions. Simulations and experimental results clearly show the antiresonant character of the buried waveguides. Significant variation of the reflectance and light propagation with different behavior depending on the polarization and the Mach Zehnder dimensions is obtained. Finally, we confirm the feasibility of this structure for sensing applications.
“…Integrated optical devices are frequently used for communications 1 and biochemical applications. 2 In the last decade, optical interferometry 3,4 is an evolving field which has been adopted for sensing applications.…”
Section: A Buried Anti Resonant Reflecting Optical Waveguide For An Imentioning
A buried anti resonant reflecting optical waveguide for an integrated Mach Zehnder structure based on porous silicon material is achieved using a classical photolithography process. Three distinct porous silicon layers are then elaborated in a single step, by varying the porosity (thus the refractive index) and the thickness while respecting the anti-resonance conditions. Simulations and experimental results clearly show the antiresonant character of the buried waveguides. Significant variation of the reflectance and light propagation with different behavior depending on the polarization and the Mach Zehnder dimensions is obtained. Finally, we confirm the feasibility of this structure for sensing applications.
“…Sedangkan pada directional-coupler tak linier, indeks bias efektifnya gayut secara tak linier terhadap medan optik, dan untuk yang terbuat dari bahan-bahan optik mirip Kerr (Kerr-like) perpindahan dayanya dapat diatur melalui intensitas cahaya masukan. Directional-coupler linier lazim digunakan pada sistem komunikasi optik [1], antara lain sebagai saklar optik [2], modulator [3], polarisator [4], dan WDM [5]. Sedangkan directional-coupler tak linier disamping digunakan pada pengoperasian sistem komunikasi optik * E-MAIL: hikari@physics.its.ac.id secara optik seluruhnya [6,7] (All Optical Switching), juga difungsikan sebagai gerbang logika optik (NOT, AND, NAND, OR, NOR) yang merupakan komponen utama dalam pembuatan komputer optis.…”
IntisariParameter terpenting untuk menentukan panjang kopling dan formula propagasi medan directional coupler adalah nilai tetapan propagasi efektif medan moda simetri dan moda asimetri. Pada makalah ini dilaporkan formulasi tetapan propagasi efektif dimaksud untuk cahaya modus TE (transverse electric) yang terpandu dalam directional coupler linier dalam bentuk analitis. Formulasi analitis diturunkan dengan menggunakan metode matrik karakteristik pandu gelombang berlapis jamak, dan berlaku untuk kedua moda simetri dan asimetri, baik untuk struktur directional coupler simetri maupun asimetri.KATA KUNCI: directional coupler linier, perpindahan daya, transverse electric, moda terkopel, moda-moda normal, medan evanescent
I. PENDAHULUANPada bidang optika terpadu (integrated optics), directional coupler merupakan komponen kunci dalam pembuatan rangkaian optika terpadu. Hal ini karena kanal-kanal rangkaian optika terpadu dibuat membentuk struktur directionalcoupler. Struktur directional-coupler yang paling sederhana adallah tersusun atas dua buah pandu gelombang kanal sejajar yang ditumbuhkan pada satu substrat, dengan jarak pisah (lebar gap) beberapa panjang gelombang optik. Fungsi utama directional-coupler adalah sebagai devais pemindah daya optik, yang kinerjanya didasarkan antara lain pada kegayutan indeks bias efektifnya terhadap frekuensi, medan optik, dan atau medan luar. Indeks bias efektif dimaksud adalah nilai indeks bias dari seluruh kombinasi indeks bias bahan-bahan directional-coupler yang "dirasakan" oleh setiap moda gelombang.Pada directional-coupler linier yang dibuat dari bahanbahan optik linier, perpindahan dayanya didasarkan pada kegayutan indeks bias efektif terhadap frekuensi dan kelinierannya terhadap penerapan medan luar, sehingga devais ini disamping dapat beroperasi secara pasif tanpa penerapan medan luar, juga dapat dioperasikan secara aktif melalui kendali tegangan. Sedangkan pada directional-coupler tak linier, indeks bias efektifnya gayut secara tak linier terhadap medan optik, dan untuk yang terbuat dari bahan-bahan optik mirip Kerr (Kerr-like) perpindahan dayanya dapat diatur melalui intensitas cahaya masukan. Besaran yang sangat penting untuk mendesain directionalcoupler adalah nilai tetapan propagasi efektif β dari medan optik yang akan ditransmisikannya. Nilai eigen persamaan Helmholtz untuk directional coupler tersebut, disamping diperlukan untuk memperkirakan panjang kopling yaitu jarak pemindahan seluruh daya antar pandu gelombangnya, juga sebagai besaran utama dalam formula propagasi medan yang berguna untuk memvisualisasi dan mensimulasikan berbagai macam fungsinya. Persamaan nilai eigen untuk directionalcoupler linier yang indeks bias pandu gelombangnya homogen, umumnya diturunkan menggunakan metode matrik karakteristik berlapis jamak. Hal ini karena metode matrik karakteristik berlapis jamak disamping dapat menampilkan formulasi nilai eigen dalam bentuk analitis, juga memberikan nilai perhitungan tetapan propagasi efektif yang eksak [8,9]. Kogelnik[8] memformulasikan dua persama...
“…In recent years, terahertz related research and technology development has acquired a significant interest of the scientific community all around the globe. This is because of the various applications that terahertz radiations can advance [1][2][3][4][5].This include high speed communication [6], sub wavelength imaging [7], slow light devices [8], bio sensing [9], spectroscopy etc. The development of the waveguides at terahertz frequencies has been one of the primary focus of research in this fast growing area of science and technology.…”
Abstract:In this paper, we present numerical analysis of terahertz (THz) surface plasmon polaritons propagating in a parallel plate configuration. A planar metal surface has the ability to support loosely bound surface waves, called Zenneck waves at terahertz frequencies. Two parallel metal plates separated by a narrow vacuum region can lead to the highly confined terahertz surface plasmon modes at specific frequencies. The frequency of the terahertz mode can be changed with a change in the gap between the plates. Further, we observed that the carrier concentration of plates strongly effect the frequency of the terahertz mode as well as its properties. We have examined in detail the dispersion properties of the terahertz surface plasmons supported by the parallel plate configuration with a varying gap width as well as carrier density of the plates.
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