We analyze the constitution of the research groups in Mathematics Education in Brazil, registered in the Directory of Research Groups in Brazil of CNPq. The theoretical and methodological contributions are linked to Education and Mathematics Education, the norms/resolutions of CNPq and the descriptive survey research in a quanti-qualitative approach. The results showed a total of 569 groups, with significant growth since 2002, a predominance with up to 12 years of activity, concentrated in the Southeast and Northeast regions, but predominant in the states of São Paulo, Paraná, Minas Gerais, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro and Pará and in the Public Institutions, especially UTFPR and UNESP. The groups concentrate 15,085 people among researchers, students, technicians, and collaborators. We argue about the emergence of a research agenda that can privilege future studies around our investigative region.