Growth of biometric components and development of refractive errors in premature infants with or without retinopathy of prematurity

Özdemir, Özdemir; Tunay, Zühal Özen; Acar, Damla Ergintürk

doi:10.3906/sag-1501-40

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…With the increase of PA, the ACD, LT, VT and AL increased gradually. This finding was similar to previous ones [21][22][23]. Anne Cook [21] Correlation between CCT and PA. PA, postmenstrual age; CCT, central corneal thickness.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Ocular Growth and Refractive Status Development in Premature Infants Conceived by In Vitro Fertilization or Natural Conception

Lao¹,

Mao²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: To evaluate the effects of IVF on the development of the refractive system in premature infants from 36 weeks to 6 months of postmenstrual age. Methods: Premature infants were examined respectively at 36 weeks, 40 weeks, 44 weeks, 48 weeks, 52 weeks and 6 months of postmenstrual age. Spherical equivalent, biometric values and central corneal thickness were measured. These parameters were compared between premature infants conceived by IVF or naturally, and the relationship between these parameters were evaluated. Results: A total of 899 premature infants were recruited. Infants born by IVF had a higher rate of oxygen therapy than which in the NC group (P = 0.04). The multiple pregnancy ratio in the IVF group was 83.4%, significantly higher than which in the NC group (p<0.001). ROP developed in 126 of the 754 infants (16.7%) in the NC group and in 35 of the 145 (24.1%) infants in the IVF group (p=0.03). With the increase of PA, the ACD (r=0.67, p<0.0001), LT (r=0.19, p<0.0001), VT (r=0.80, p<0.0001) and AL (r=0.85, p<0.0001) increased while CCT (r=-0.39, p<0.0001) thinned. The refractive state had a hyperopic shift until 44 weeks of postmenstrual age (r=0.38, p<0.0001). then the mean dioptric value continuously declined by 6 months of PA (r=-0.32, p<0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference in these parameters between the NC group and IVF group (p>0.05). The percentage of ACD (r=0.326, p<0.0001) and VT (r=0.248, p<0.0001) in AL were positively correlated with PA, while the percentage of LT (r=-0.415, p<0.0001) in AL was negatively correlated with PA. Before 44 weeks of PA, SE was positively correlated with ACD (r=0.08, p<0.01) and AL (r=0.09, p<0.01). After 44 weeks of PA, it was negatively correlated with ACD (r=-0.23, p<0.0001), VT (r=-0.35, p<0.0001) and AL (r=-0.41, p<0.01). Conclusions: The percentage of ACD and VT in AL increased, the percentage of LT in AL decreased with the early ocular development. IVF does not affect ocular growth from 36 weeks to 6 months of PA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Ocular Growth and Refractive Status Development in Premature Infants Conceived by In Vitro Fertilization or Natural Conception

Lao¹,

Mao²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…CRP, lens thickness (LT), and AL are determinants of ocular refractive power ( 26 , 30 ). After 5 years of follow-up, we concluded that the preterm and ROP groups had thick lenses, steep corneas, and short eye axes, which was consistent with those found in previous studies ( 8 , 11 , 31 ). The decrease in LT in normal children was synchronized with the increase in the AL, thus compensating for the refractive changes associated with the increase in AL.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Refractive status and optical components in premature infants with and without retinopathy of prematurity: A 4- to 5-year cohort study

et al. 2022

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This study was aimed to investigate the characteristics of refractive parameters in premature infants and children aged 3–8 years with mild retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and to explore the effects of premature delivery and mild ROP on the development of refractive status and ocular optical components. Premature infants who underwent ocular fundus oculi screening in our hospital between January 2009 and February 2011 were included and divided into the ROP group and the non-ROP group. Full-term infants were the controls. The results of the annual ocular examination conducted between 2014 and 2018 were analysed, and the refractive status, optical components, and developmental trends were compared among the three groups. The total follow-up time was 4–5 years. The prevalence of myopia and astigmatism was high in the ROP group (P < 0.05). In the non-ROP group, the prevalence of myopia was also higher than that in the control group. The prevalence of myopia increased with age in the ROP and non-ROP groups, while the prevalence of astigmatism remained unchanged. In the ROP group, the corneal refractive power was the largest, the lens was the thickest and the ocular axis was the shortest; in the control group, the corneal refractive power was the smallest, the lens was the thinnest, and the ocular axis was the longest. These parameters in the non-ROP group were between those in the two groups mentioned above (P < 0.05). The corneal refractive power was relatively stable at 3–8 years old in the three groups. The change in lens thickness was small in both the ROP group and the non-ROP group (P = 0.75, P = 0.06), and the lens became thinner in the control group (P < 0.001). The length of the ocular axis increased in the three groups. Preterm infants are more likely to develop myopia than full-term infants, and children with ROP are more likely to develop both myopia and astigmatism. Thicker lenses were the main cause of the high prevalence of myopia in premature infants with or without ROP.

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“…Even though the shorter axial length was not statistically significant in each age group, it was significantly shorter in the 34-37-week-old infant group, suggesting that elongation of the globe is affected by ROP in this period. 27 But even without ROP premature infants have a shorter axial length: Zha demonstrated a significant difference between children born at 33 weeks and term infants both measured at 40 weeks gestational age (17.08 ± 0.67mm vs 17.34 ± 0.55mm), and Fledelius stated that axial length in premature eyes does not catch up with the growth of full-term eyes, even by 18 years of age. 10,39 Premature newborns also have been described to be more myopic than term controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of ocular axial length in newborns and infants up to 3 years of age

Groot

Lissenberg‐Witte

Rijn

et al. 2022

Survey of Ophthalmology

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show abstract

Growth of biometric components and development of refractive errors in premature infants with or without retinopathy of prematurity

Abstract: The anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, vitreous length, and axial length showed a linear growth throughout the follow-up period. The maximum elongation was observed in vitreous length and axial length.

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Ocular Growth and Refractive Status Development in Premature Infants Conceived by In Vitro Fertilization or Natural Conception

Ocular Growth and Refractive Status Development in Premature Infants Conceived by In Vitro Fertilization or Natural Conception

Refractive status and optical components in premature infants with and without retinopathy of prematurity: A 4- to 5-year cohort study

Meta-analysis of ocular axial length in newborns and infants up to 3 years of age

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