Green synthesis method of silver nanoparticles using starch as capping agent applied the methodology of surface response

Abstract

The aim of this work was to synthesize silver nanoparticles (NPs) through a green synthesis method using starch as a capping agent. The influence of the glucose content, temperature, and pH on the size of the NPs was evaluated by means of a response surface methodology. The obtained nanomaterials were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, and TEM, and the crystalline structure of the silver was determined by XRD. The optimum synthesis time was after 3 h of reaction time the colloidal solution, did not show any further significant variation in the optical absorption peak (l max ). Response surface results indicate that the reducing agent (glucose) concentration was the most important factor influencing the NPs size, which ranged from 2 to 24 nm. TEM images show that NPs had predominantly spherical shapes, but also polyhedral shapes were present in smaller quantities. Analysis of Raman spectra infers that the glucose initially reduces silver ions to elemental silver. Then the starch undergoes hydrolysis providing primary hydroxyl that contributes to the reduction of silver. The carboxyl and hydroxyl groups of glucose and hydrolyzed starch stabilize the silver NPs by passivating their surface, so that they do not aggregate and remain uniformly distributed.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticle and Its Antibacterial Activity

“…The reaction was carried out in closed and dark condition to avoid a photochemical reaction. The choice of reaction condition was based on the reference 30 . The effect of reductant composition was studied by varying the mole composition of silver nitrate solution and glucose solution 1:1, 1:1.5, and 1:2 respectively.…”

“…The advantage of using this method compared with other study is that it does not need the addition of NaOH as pH accelerator. 30,37 Thus this method is environmentally benign due to no more inorganic chemical addition.…”

New procedure to synthesize silver nanoparticles and their interaction with local anesthetics

“…[12][13][14][15][16] Bioconjugates of AgNPs have also been prepared and their self-assembly investigated. [17][18][19][20] Various methods, among them biogenic methods, 12,[14][15][16][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] have been used for the synthesis of AgNPs. Glucose is well known for reducing Ag + to Ag in alkaline solutions, and this method was also used…”

“…12,22,[25][26][27] In order to protect the obtained AgNPs, besides existing oxidation products of glucose in the reaction system, different stabilizing agents were added, such as gelatin, 22,25 hemicelluloses, 26 or starch. 27 This work reports a new procedure to synthesize AgNPs, using glucose as reducing agent but with an original stabilizing system consisting of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and We are interested in understanding the molecular mechanism of local anesthetics, particularly in interfacial phenomena, that occur at the biological membrane level. [28][29][30][31][32] The acid-base properties and the protolytic equilibria of these anesthetics 33,34 should play an important role in their interaction with the charged metal NPs, since they determine which molecular species are present in solution at a given pH value.…”

In situ characterization of silver nanoparticle synthesis in maltodextrin supramolecular structures

“…To garner this control, it is necessary to understand the reaction and processing conditions (temperature, pH), the activity of the reducing agent with the silver precursor and the colloidal stability of the resulting Ag NPs [12][13][14][15][16][17]. Polysaccharide biopolymers including starch are used in the synthesis of Ag NPs, and the Ag NPs nucleation is believed to occur within the hydrophobic regions of the swollen polymers [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. For example, Ag + are reported to associate within the amylose backbone of starch [26], allowing the starch to contain the Ag NPs during nucleation and growth [1,18].…”