Graphene and Graphene-Based Nanomaterials for DNA Detection: A Review

Wu, Xin; Mu, Fengwen; Wang, Yinghui; Zhao, Haiyan

doi:10.3390/molecules23082050

Cited by 74 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 166 publications

(206 reference statements)

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“…Graphene has been studied for electrochemical sensing because of its outstanding properties, e.g., very high electrical conductivity, chemical stability, large surface-to-volume ratio, and excellent carrier mobility. However, this two-dimensional (2D) material is also highly hydrophobic, making it difficult for it to interact with biological molecules such as nucleic acids [22,23]. Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) represent alternatives with oxygenated functionalities introduced into the carbon structure that enable dispersibility in water [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Graphene Oxide Concentration when Fabricating an Electrochemical Biosensor for DNA Detection

et al. 2019

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We have investigated the influence exerted by the concentration of graphene oxide (GO) dispersion as a modifier for screen printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) on the fabrication of an electrochemical biosensor to detect DNA hybridization. A new pretreatment protocol for SPCEs, involving two successive steps in order to achieve a reproducible deposition of GO, is also proposed. Aqueous GO dispersions of different concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 mg/mL) were first drop-cast on the SPCE substrates and then electrochemically reduced. The electrochemical properties of the modified electrodes were investigated after each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), while physicochemical characterization was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. Finally, the sensing platform was obtained by the simple adsorption of the single-stranded DNA probe onto the electrochemically reduced GO (RGO)-modified SPCEs under optimized conditions. The hybridization was achieved by incubating the functionalized SPCEs with complementary DNA target and detected by measuring the change in the electrochemical response of [Fe(CN)6]3–/4– redox reporter in CV and EIS measurements induced by the release of the newly formed double-stranded DNA from the electrode surface. Our results showed that a higher GO concentration generated a more sensitive response towards DNA detection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Graphene Oxide Concentration when Fabricating an Electrochemical Biosensor for DNA Detection

et al. 2019

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“…The continuous efforts to improve the sensing performances attracted significant attention through the recent technological advancement in synthesis and deposition on high performance materials, such as graphene (i.e., nanopores, nanoribbon, reduced graphene oxide and graphene oxide), carbon nanotube, nanowires, and nanoporous materials [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. Graphene is a high-performance material, recently investigated in different fields due to the availability of synthesis and mature deposition technologies, characterized by high carrier mobility and low inherent 1/ f noise [39].…”

Section: Fin Field-effect Transistor (Finfet) Tunnel Fetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As result, different attempts at using a graphene-FET (GFET) as biosensor were reported in literature. Most of the applications are focused on low-concentration nucleic acid detection, exploiting the site-specific immobilization of probes [32]. The reported resolution of GFETs, often conjugated with metal nanoparticles (e.g., Au) can be lowered down to the pM range [40,41].…”

Section: Fin Field-effect Transistor (Finfet) Tunnel Fetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reported resolution of GFETs, often conjugated with metal nanoparticles (e.g., Au) can be lowered down to the pM range [40,41]. Despite the interesting sensing applications, continuous investigations are still required to improve the reduced DNA translocation dynamics and the low-frequency noise levels [32,42,43]. Other applications are concerned with protein detection, living cell and bacteria monitoring [33,44].…”

Section: Fin Field-effect Transistor (Finfet) Tunnel Fetmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging Designs of Electronic Devices in Biomedicine

et al. 2020

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A long-standing goal of nanoelectronics is the development of integrated systems to be used in medicine as sensor, therapeutic, or theranostic devices. In this review, we examine the phenomena of transport and the interaction between electro-active charges and the material at the nanoscale. We then demonstrate how these mechanisms can be exploited to design and fabricate devices for applications in biomedicine and bioengineering. Specifically, we present and discuss electrochemical devices based on the interaction between ions and conductive polymers, such as organic electrochemical transistors (OFETs), electrolyte gated field-effect transistors (FETs), fin field-effect transistor (FinFETs), tunnelling field-effect transistors (TFETs), electrochemical lab-on-chips (LOCs). For these systems, we comment on their use in medicine.

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“…[218][219][220][221][222][223][224][225][226][227] Graphene and its derivativesgraphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO)show good biocompatibility and they have been used recently in ultrasensitive detection of DNA hybridization, which is very important in disease diagnostics and biomedical applications. [228][229][230][231][232][233][234][235][236] Since the electrical conduction of ideal graphene with the Fermi level close to Dirac point is very sensitive to the external perturbation, its interface with DNA molecules are found to acts as a potential gating to the graphene that induces p-doping in graphene. 237 In general, practical biomolecular detection is performed in an aqueous solution, where water molecules easily affect the Fermi level of graphene moving it away from the Dirac point.…”

Section: Biological Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Integration of 2D Materials: Recent Advances in Fabrication and Functional Device Applications

Sankar

Jeon

Jang

et al. 2019

NANO

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A comprehensive review of the fabrication process, fundamental properties and functionalities and device applications of heterogeneously integrated two-dimensional (2D) materials is provided. An extensive library of atomic 2D materials with selectable material properties exists and it is rapidly expanding, with which it is possible to construct hybrid or heterostructures that display novel properties with unique functionalities. Such heterostructures adding a degree of freedom to carriers in the third direction provide interesting possibilities for the design of functional novel devices. The subject of 2D heterostructures has now become so vast that no single article can cover the entire topic in any reasonable manner. This review is intended to bridge the gap between the major developments already discovered and current trends in 2D heterostructures.

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Graphene and Graphene-Based Nanomaterials for DNA Detection: A Review

Cited by 74 publications

References 166 publications

Influence of Graphene Oxide Concentration when Fabricating an Electrochemical Biosensor for DNA Detection

Influence of Graphene Oxide Concentration when Fabricating an Electrochemical Biosensor for DNA Detection

Emerging Designs of Electronic Devices in Biomedicine

Heterogeneous Integration of 2D Materials: Recent Advances in Fabrication and Functional Device Applications

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