Gradient elution electrochromatography with a flow-injection analysis interface

Lister, Ashley S.; Rimmer, Catherine A.; Dorsey, John G.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(98)00682-7

Cited by 39 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…10 No primeiro método, a separação inicia-se com o eluente de força cromatográfica mais baixa e o solvente de maior força cromatográfica é adicionado continuamente ao reservatório de entrada, por meio de uma bomba de HPLC. 58,59 Com base neste princípio, Lister et al 60 conectaram um sistema de gradiente de micro-HPLC a uma interface de análise por injeção em fluxo (FIA, Flow Injection Analysis) e CEC para separações por gradiente contínuo. Observaram que o fluxo gerado através da coluna de separação era somente de origem eletrosmótica, o que proporcionou separações mais eficientes.…”

Section: 45 Modos De Operaçãounclassified

“…Outra vantagem deste sistema é a facilidade de acoplamento com diferentes sistemas de detecção, como ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN) 61 e MS, 62 além da facilidade de automação e possível miniaturização. 60 O segundo método de gradiente contínuo, que utiliza apenas aplicação de tensão para bombear os solventes, está bem exemplificado pelo sistema desenvolvido por Yan et al, 63 que consiste de dois reservatórios independentes de solventes, ligados a duas fontes de alta tensão distintas, controladas por um computador. A mistura do gradiente é feita em uma peça na forma de T, que conecta os dois reservatórios de solvente à coluna de separação.…”

Section: 45 Modos De Operaçãounclassified

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Eletrocromatografia capilar: contextualização, estado da arte e perspectivas

Segato¹,

Silva²,

Jardim³

2009

Quím. Nova

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ElEtrocromatografia capilar: contExtualização, Estado da artE E pErspEctivas milena pinotti segato, césar ricardo silva e isabel cristina sales fontes Jardim* Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, CP 6154, 13084-971 Campinas -SP, BrasilRecebido em 25/3/08; aceito em 21/8/08; publiado na web em 26/1/09 CAPILLARY ELECTROCHROMATOGRAPHY: CONTEXTUALIZATION, STATE-OF-THE-ART AND PERSPECTIVES. Capillary electrochromatography (CEC) is a separation technique in which the mobile phase flow is based on the application of a voltage across a packed capillary, which generates an electroosmotic flow that transports the analytes along the capillary toward the detector. As it combines the separation mechanisms of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and of capillary electrophoresis (CE), CEC can be considered a hybrid of HPLC and CE. This review presents some fundamental aspects of CEC and is focused on the instrumental advances of the technique, such as column technology, operation modes and detection systems, presenting recent papers on these topics and some applications and perspectives about CEC.

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Section: 45 Modos De Operaçãounclassified

Eletrocromatografia capilar: contextualização, estado da arte e perspectivas

Segato¹,

Silva²,

Jardim³

2009

Quím. Nova

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“…Further, bubbles formed at the electrode due to high voltage are immediately removed from the system by the coaxial pump flow and cannot reach the column inlet. What may happen if this interface is not optimized with respect to the aspects listed above has been shown by Lister et al [96]. Low-pressure solvent gradients were generated with a lHPLC system which was connected to the CEC column via a flow-injection analysis (FIA) interface.…”

Section: Pressurizable Gradient Chplc/(p)cec Systems With Pre-split Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid flow in capillary (electro)chromatography: Generation and control of micro‐ and nanoliter volumes

Rapp

Tallarek²

2003

J of Separation Science

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We describe and discuss instrumental developments in capillary (electro)chromatography which are of particular relevance for generating (and controlling) required volumetric flow rates in the micro-and nanoliter range through packed capillaries. Both isocratic and gradient elution are considered. For capillary HPLC this practically involves only commercial instrumentation, with systems based on syringe or piston pumps, but it also realizes the innovative concept of a high-pressure electrokinetic pump. The numerous systems that have been used to generate electroosmotic flow through chromatographic beds are classified under the following headings: i) basically commercial capillary electrophoresis instruments (adapted for electrochromatography); ii) home-built configurations; and iii) commercial capillary electrochromatography systems. Concerning the reviewed instrumentation, emphasis is placed on feasibility, automation, as well as system-inherent delay times and dead volumes.

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“…The ability of CEC with the efficiency superior to that of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has attracted growing interest in this technique. In its early stages, CEC was mainly used for the separation of neutral compounds, such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons and pharmaceuticals, in which the evaluation of column and system was the major concern [6][7][8][9]. However, for CEC to become a widely accepted analytical technique it is necessary to offer a means to separate charged biomolecules with a selectivity different from that obtained in HPLC and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the novel mixed‐mode stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography. II. Separation of amino acids and peptides on sulfonated naphthalimido‐modified silyl silica gel

et al. 2004

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The potential of 3-(4-sulfo-1,8-naphthalimido)propyl-modified silyl silica gel (SNAIP) as a mixed-mode stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) was investigated for the separation of charged analytes, taking four amino acids (tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, histidine) as model analytes. The elution process of these charged analytes in CEC with SNAIP was dominated by a combination of both electrophoretic process and chromatographic process involving hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions. In order to study the retention mechanism, the CEC retention factor k* and the velocity factor ke* were measured for the amino acids, which allowed the assessment of the respective contribution from the differential processes underlying the separation. Migration and retention could be mediated by changing various mobile phase compositions, including buffer pH, buffer concentration, and concentration of organic solvent. Based on the results obtained by separation of the amino acids, the separation of eight peptides (Gly-Val, Gly-Phe, Gly-Ile, Gly-His, Gly-Lys, Lys-Lys, Gly-Gly-Gly, Gly-Gly-His) was attempted. A good separation was achieved under an isocratic elution with a mobile phase consisting of 35 mM phosphate buffer (pH 3.8) and 40% methanol.

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Gradient elution electrochromatography with a flow-injection analysis interface

Cited by 39 publications

References 22 publications

Eletrocromatografia capilar: contextualização, estado da arte e perspectivas

Eletrocromatografia capilar: contextualização, estado da arte e perspectivas

Liquid flow in capillary (electro)chromatography: Generation and control of micro‐ and nanoliter volumes

Investigation of the novel mixed‐mode stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography. II. Separation of amino acids and peptides on sulfonated naphthalimido‐modified silyl silica gel

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