Ginger Oleoresin Alleviated γ-Ray Irradiation-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species via the Nrf2 Protective Response in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract

Unplanned exposure to radiation can cause side effects on high-risk individuals; meanwhile, radiotherapies can also cause injury on normal cells and tissues surrounding the tumor. Besides the direct radiation damage, most of the ionizing radiation- (IR-) induced injuries were caused by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), which possess self-renew and multilineage differentiation capabilities, are a critical population of cells to participate in the regeneration of IR-damaged tissues. Therefore, it is imperative to search effective radioprotectors for hMSCs. This study was to demonstrate whether natural source ginger oleoresin would mitigate IR-induced injuries in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). We demonstrated that ginger oleoresin could significantly reduce IR-induced cytotoxicity, ROS generation, and DNA strand breaks. In addition, the ROS-scavenging mechanism of ginger oleoresin was also investigated. The results showed that ginger oleoresin could induce the translocation of Nrf2 to cell nucleus and activate the expression of cytoprotective genes encoding for HO-1 and NQO-1. It suggests that ginger oleoresin has a potential role of being an effective antioxidant and radioprotective agent.

Protective effects of zingerone derivate on ionizing radiation-induced intestinal injury

“…It has a long history in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. Recent studies have shown that ginger and its extract possess a radioprotective effect [ 7 , 8 ]. Zingerone is an essential oil extracted from ginger that has various biological functions, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptosis properties [ 9–12 ].…”

Plant Extracts as Possible Agents for Sequela of Cancer Therapies and Cachexia

“…This indicated that ginger suppresses oxidative DNA damage, inflammatory reactions, histological and biochemical alterations in kidney tissues after γ-ray exposure. Ji et al reported that increased levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1) with decreased levels of ROS demonstrated that ginger mitigates ionizing radiation-induced cell injury in human mesenchymal stem cells [ 102 ]. Activation of cytoprotective genes encoding for HO-1 and NQO-1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protective response were observed at a dose of 1, 10, 100, 1000 μg/mL for 24, 48, 72 h. In addition, oral pretreatment of ginger essential oil on Balb/C mice at a dose of 100 and 500 mg/kg restored decreased hematological and immunological parameters [ 103 ].…”

Heme Oxygenase-1/Ferritin in Protection of Leukemia Cells from Oxidative Stress Induced by Catalytic System “Teraphtal + Ascorbic Acid”

“…ROS, будучи медиаторами в сигнальных процессах при низких концентрациях, при высоких -приводят к нарушению баланса окислителей-восстановителей и развитию в клетке окислительного стресса. Роль ROS в индукции окислительного стресса в клетке установлена для известных индукторов НО-1: УФвоздействия [41], гипертермии [42], γ-облучения [43], цитотоксинов (Н 2 О 2 ) [44], таксола [45]. В ходе эволюции клетка приобретала механизмы защиты от окислительного стресса, включая сигнальный путь с участием транскрипционного фактора Nrf2 (см.…”