Genotoxic effects of X-rays on keratinized mucosa cells during panoramic dental radiography

Abstract

These results indicate that X-ray radiation emitted during panoramic dental radiography induces a genotoxic effect on epithelial gingival cells that increases the frequency of chromosomal damage and nuclear alterations indicative of apoptosis.

Cytogenetic biomonitoring in children submitting to a complete set of radiographs for orthodontic planning

“…9,16,28 The MNC frequencies were not significantly different before and after X-ray exposure in our sample. These results contrast with those of other authors, 2,12,16,29,30 who reported higher rates of chromosomal aberrations subsequent to X-ray exposure. However, despite higher radiation doses in our investigation, research with similar methodology with dental radiographs showed similar results compared to our study (ie, no mutagenic characteristic was evidenced by the MN test).…”

“…Some studies have pointed toward a relationship between age and MN occurrence, 26,27 whereas others have not. 12,19 As a result of the homogeneity in the sample, it was not possible to correlate the frequency of MNC with age in this setting. Children are affected to a lower extent by confounders such as cigarette smoking and drinking habits, occupational exposure, and lifestyle (mainly dietary factors), which are factors of great concern in adults.…”

“…25,28 Additionally, in the cytogenetic studies of dental radiograph effects, different sites were elected from which to collect buccal cells: buccal cheek mucosa, 11,13,14,21 the lateral border of the tongue, 17,21 and keratinized mucosa of the upper dental arch. 12 One of these studies 21 showed that the lateral border of the tongue is more sensitive to cytotoxic insult than is the cheek buccal mucosa. The research 12 that evidenced the genetic damage capacity of PAN was unique in that it utilized keratinized mucosa of the upper dental arch.…”

“…9 Micronuclei arise from acentric fragments or whole chromosomes that are not included in the main nuclei of the daughter cells and can be induced by agents that cause chromosome breakage or affect the spindle apparatus 10 and can be used as a biomarker in buccal cells to evaluate the mutagenic effect of many agents, including ionizing radiation. 6,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Previous studies conducted by our research group have demonstrated that the panoramic X-ray is able to induce damage in the oral mucosa cells of children. 13 In this regard, it would be interesting to know if, and to what extent, children submitted to orthodontic radiographic protocol are a more sensitive group as a result of the use of X-ray in oral mucosa cells, particularly because there are no previous reports.…”

Danos cromossômicos e alterações nucleares em células esfoliadas do epitélio gengival de indivíduos com periodontite crônica moderada

“…Este resultado sugere que esta estrutura não está relacionada à genotoxicidade. A ausência de associação positiva entre broken eggs e insulto genotóxico também foi relatada por diversos autores (BOHRER et al, 2005;CERQUEIRA et al, 2008;HOLLAND et al, 2008;TORRES-BUGARÍN et al, 2003). Segundo Holland et al (2008) broken eggs está relacionado com amplificação gênica e não representa danos ao DNA.…”