Genetic Identification of Shiga Toxin Encoding Gene from Cases of Multidrug Resistance (MDR) Escherichia coli Isolated from Raw Milk

Ansharieta, Ribby; Effendi, Mustofa Helmi; Plumeriastuti, Hani

doi:10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.10

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Health problems caused by these resistant bacterium infections can include medical costs, limited treatment options for patients, longer hospital stays, and even death. It is known that E. coli is harmful to health because it produces a toxin, like the Shiga toxin (Ansharieta et al 2021). In addition, ESBL-producing E. coli is at risk of spreading resistance genes, especially in susceptible individuals such as pregnant women, infants, children, the elderly, and immunosuppressed patients as well as in postoperative and chemotherapy patients (Franz et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance pattern of Extended-Spectrum ?-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from broiler farm environment in Pasuruan district, Indonesia

YANESTRIA

Dameanti²,

MUSAYANNAH³

et al. 2022

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Yanestria SM, Dameanti FNAEP, Musayannah BG, Pratama JWA, Witaningrum AM, Effendi MH, Ugbo EN. 2022. Antibiotic resistance pattern of Extended-Spectrum ?-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from broiler farm environment in Pasuruan district, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4460-4465. Escherichia coli is one of the bacteria that can be used as an indicator of environmental pollution. This bacterium has the ability to become an antimicrobial-resistant bacterium that impacts public health. The antimicrobial ability can develop into a bacterium that produces extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL). The purpose of this study was to reveal the occurrence of extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli from a broiler farm environment in Pasuruan district and to describe the phenotypic pattern of E. coli producing ESBL that has been detected. A total of 175 samples were used in this study consisting of 115 samples of coop swabs and 65 samples of wastewater around the farm. The samples were isolated and identified to find E. coli by using different culture media viz. McConkey agar (MCA), eosin methylene blue agar (EMBA), Gram staining, indole test, methyl red Voges Proskauer (MR-VP), citrate, and triple sugar iron agar (TSIA). Detection of ESBL using the double disc synergy test (DDST) according to standard Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute procedures and the VITEK®2 compact apparatus. The results of ESBL confirmation with DDST and VITEK®2 showed that 16 (9.14%) of the 175 environmental samples confirmed E. coli produced ESBL. The results of the VITEK®2 test also produced a phenotypic pattern of resistance properties of ESBL-producing E. coli and found 12 types of resistance patterns. The combination of “AM AMP ATM KZ CTX CRO CIP” and “AM AMP ATM KZ CTX CRO GM CIP SXT” are the 2 most common resistance patterns (18.75%), while the other 10 resistance patterns occur at the same level (6.25%). The data presented here confirmed the presence of ESBL-producing E. coli in the farm environment, which can contribute to the dissemination of MDR bacteria in the environment if not monitored. Therefore, the presence of ESBL-producing E. coli in Pasuruan is worrisome since it can lead to an impact on human health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance pattern of Extended-Spectrum ?-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from broiler farm environment in Pasuruan district, Indonesia

YANESTRIA

Dameanti²,

MUSAYANNAH³

et al. 2022

Biodiversitas

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“…Intensive use of antibiotics for salmonellosis treatment leads to the emergence of resistant bacteria. One of the best assays for identifying virulence genes is PCR [46,47].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of invA virulence gene of multidrug-resistant Salmonella species isolated from the cloacal swab of broiler chickens in Blitar district, East Java, Indonesia

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: The increasing number of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella species on poultry farms in Indonesia has caused concern regarding human health. This study was conducted to determine the presence of the virulence gene invA in MDR Salmonella species isolated from the cloacal swab of broiler chickens in Blitar district, East Java Province, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: Cloacal swab samples were collected by purposive sampling from 15 farms in four districts. Isolation and identification of bacteria were performed using standard microbiological techniques. Confirmation of MDR isolates was done using five different classes of antibiotics, including the beta-lactam, aminoglycoside, fluoroquinolone, phenicol, and monobactam groups. An antibiotic susceptibility test was conducted using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method, and a polymerase chain reaction method was used to screen for the presence of invA. Results: It was observed that 32.26% (50/155) of the samples were positive for Salmonella species. Of these 50 Salmonella isolates, 7 (14%) were identified as MDR strains. An important finding was the detection of invA in all the seven MDR Salmonella strains (100%) isolated from the cloacal swab of broiler chickens in Blitar district, East Java Province. Conclusion: Veterinarians have an extremely important role in monitoring the use of antibiotics in farm animals to mitigate the rapid spread of MDR organisms in our environment, which can otherwise cause serious economic losses and also public health issues.

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“…The presence of virulence factors, pathogenic microbial strains will be able to defend themselves in host cells and increase the potential for causing disease. E. coli produces various types of virulence factors so the incidence of disease by E. coli infection can also occur in various ways (Effendi et al 2018;Ansharieta et al 2021b). The results of the expression of virulence genes allow non-pathogenic E. coli to turn into pathogenic E. coli, for example avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) (Ievy et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of virulence factor encoding genes on Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chicken in Blitar District, Indonesia

Effendi

FARIDAH²,

WIBISONO³

et al. 2022

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Efendi MH, Faridah HD, Wibisono FM, Wibisono FJ, Nisa N, Fatimah F, Ugbo EN. 2022. Detection of virulence factor encoding genes on Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chicken in Blitar District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3437-3442. Broiler chicken is a source of protein that is widely consumed by the public. However, broiler chicken production sometimes decreases due to infectious diseases such as colibacillosis caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli possessing virulence genes. Virulence factors function to facilitate colonization and invasion of host cells to cause disease. The presence of these virulence factors is encoded by various genes such asthe increased serum survival gene and P fimbriae gene which plays a role in surface adhesion. The present study aims to detect the presence of virulence genes from extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing E.coli isolated from broiler chickens in the Blitar District. A total of 110 cloacal swabs collected by systematic random sampling from broiler poultry farms in four different sub-districts were screened for ESBL-producing E. coli and virulence genes by phenotypic and molecular methods, respectively. Out of 110 E.coli recovered, 95 (86.4%) were observed to show a high level of resistance to the tested antibiotics, and 34 (35.7%) were ESBL-producers. Among ESBL producing E. coli isolates, 22 (73.5%) and 1 (2.9%) were found to have the iss and papC gene virulence factors, respectively using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The results of this study indicate that virulence genes can be found in E. coli from poultry farms. The iss gene is the most predominant virulence gene. The reportof these virulence factors in E. coli isolated from broiler could impose a serious potential public health problem.

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Genetic Identification of Shiga Toxin Encoding Gene from Cases of Multidrug Resistance (MDR) Escherichia coli Isolated from Raw Milk

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Antibiotic resistance pattern of Extended-Spectrum ?-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from broiler farm environment in Pasuruan district, Indonesia

Antibiotic resistance pattern of Extended-Spectrum ?-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from broiler farm environment in Pasuruan district, Indonesia

Detection of invA virulence gene of multidrug-resistant Salmonella species isolated from the cloacal swab of broiler chickens in Blitar district, East Java, Indonesia

Detection of virulence factor encoding genes on Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chicken in Blitar District, Indonesia

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