Indonesia's population with a Muslim majority (87.18%) makes the need for halal products very large. There is a need for halal product guarantees for products entering or circulating in Indonesia. Halal guarantee in Indonesia is regulated by the Government through legislation. The halalness of a product can be determined by conducting halal certification by inspecting the product from the selection of raw materials, the production process, to the final product. The halal certification process in Indonesia has been developing. This study aims to describe the history, development, and implementation of halal certification in Indonesia, one of which is before and after the issuance of law on Halal Product Guarantee (Halal Law). Initially, halal certification in Indonesia was taken over by the Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) which is a civil society movement that has the support of the state. But after the issuance of the Halal Law, the authority for halal certification was transferred to the Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Produk Halal (BPJPH) which is an independent state institution under the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia. This was also followed by several changes in several policies related to halal certification. Halal certification which was initially voluntary and does not yet have strong legal legitimacy has now become mandatory for business actors. Implementation of the Halal Law began on October 17, 2019, and will be carried out in stages. In the implementation effort, there needs to be a good collaboration between the government, business actors, and the community.
Drug delivery system describe the journey of a drug to get the target of action. The material used in drug delivery is very diverse and according to the therapymethod. So far, the use of gelatin in the pharmaceutical is very extensive, such as material in the drug delivery system. Gelatin can be produced from the extraction of animal collagen like from skin, bone and connective tissue. They are usually taken from the products of animal slaughterhouse products such as pigs and cattles. To produce a halal material, starting from the selection of basic materials until production of a material must be appropiate with Islamic rules. Like the selection of basic materials that getting from halal animals, the slaughter process is according to Islamic law and does not contain alcohol or other non-halal ingredients. However, today the use of pig skin as a gelatin base material is preferred because of its abundant availability and ease of processing. But actually pigs are animals that should not be consumed in Islam. The large number of pharmaceutical products derivating from pigs is a problem for a Muslim because it can be non-halal product. Therefore it is necessary to look for alternative gelatin as drug delivery system. One of the alternative material that can be used is a polysaccharide which is a natural polymer with very abundant availability in nature. For example carrageenan which is a polysaccharide extracted from the red seaweed, alginate extracted from brown seaweed, and xanthan gum which is the excretion of Xanthomonas campestris bacteria. The polysaccharide can be used as a halal drug delivery system and has the potential to be developed further so that it has better quality than gelatin.
Biotechnology has rapidly developed until now. The use of biotechnology was very extensive for human needs, including the food industry. Some biotechnological processes, both conventional modern, were inseparable from the use of microorganisms. A number of certain microorganisms were used in traditional food through fermentation such as yogurt, tape, cheese and salted vegetables. In addition, microorganisms also used in the DNA recombination process to produce high quality food products such as GMO (Genetically Modified Organism). Indonesia is a country with a majority of the Muslim population so that in the provision of food was very concerned about aspects of halal. Included in biotechnology foods that utilizing microorganism and have to pay attention of the halal critical point. In this case, needs to be considered so that every production process can be ensured to avoid contamination of non-halal materials
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