Genetic Conservation of Brazilian Pine (Araucaria angustifolia) Through Traditional Land Use

Zechini, Alex Anderson; Lauterjung, Miguel Busarello; Candido-Ribeiro, Rafael; Montagna, Tiago; Bernardi, Alison Paulo; Hoeltgebaum, Marcia Patricia; Mantovani, Adelar; Reis, Maurício Sedrez dos

doi:10.1007/s12231-018-9414-6

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This could take the form of reforestation in resilient areas (though whether other key MOF species would have similar preferred areas in the future is uncertain), or the good stewardship of semi‐natural landscapes in these areas. Some such areas, traditionally managed for cattle or nontimber forest products, can conserve Araucaria's genetic diversity as effectively as protected areas while also providing economic incentives to retain the trees (Medina‐Macedo et al, ; Reis et al, ; Zechini et al, ), so their inclusion in conservation planning is likely to improve Araucaria's climate resilience. However, the legal restrictions on felling mature Araucaria trees (and on land use changes in areas containing them) have led some land owners to actively prevent Araucaria's natural regeneration by removing its seedlings from their properties (Adan et al, ; Mello & Peroni, ; Vibrans et al, ); addressing this issue is critical in order for private lands to contribute effectively to the species' long‐term conservation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Araucaria has also been a cultural keystone (Cristancho & Vining, ; Garibaldi & Turner, ) for millennia: it ‘could be considered the ritual object par excellence’ for the indigenous southern Jê people (Fernandes & Piovezana, ), and it is the most frequently used plant species among Santa Catarina state's rural population (Justen, Müller, & Toresan, ). Presently, Araucaria's chief economic value comes from its seeds (pinhão), which were a critical component in the southern Jê's diets before European arrival (Corteletti, Dickau, DeBlasis, & Iriarte, ; Loponte, Carbonera, Corriale, & Acosta, ) and remain a popular food source in Brazil today (Adan, Atchison, Reis, & Peroni, ; Souza, Uarte de Matos, Forgiarini, & Martinez, ; Zechini et al, )—9,293 tonnes, worth more than US$5.5 million, were harvested in 2017 (IBGE, ). A National Pinhão Festival has been held in Santa Catarina for 30 years, and Araucaria is celebrated on Paraná state's coat of arms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cold spot microrefugia hold the key to survival for Brazil's Critically Endangered Araucaria tree

Wilson

Walters

Mayle

et al. 2019

Global Change Biology

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Brazil's Araucaria tree (Araucaria angustifolia) is an iconic living fossil and a defining element of the Atlantic Forest global biodiversity hotspot. But despite more than two millennia as a cultural icon in southern Brazil, Araucaria is on the brink of extinction, having lost 97% of its extent to 20th‐century logging. Although logging is now illegal, 21st‐century climate change constitutes a new—but so far unevaluated—threat to Araucaria's future survival. We use a robust ensemble modelling approach, using recently developed climate data, high‐resolution topography and fine‐scale vegetation maps, to predict the species' response to climate change and its implications for conservation on meso‐ and microclimate scales. We show that climate‐only models predict the total disappearance of Araucaria's most suitable habitat by 2070, but incorporating topographic effects allows potential highland microrefugia to be identified. The legacy of 20th‐century destruction is evident—more than a third of these likely holdouts have already lost their natural vegetation—and 21st‐century climate change will leave just 3.5% of remnant forest and 28.4% of highland grasslands suitable for Araucaria. Existing protected areas cover only 2.5% of the surviving microrefugia for this culturally important species, and none occur in any designated indigenous territory. Our results suggest that anthropogenic climate change is likely to commit Araucaria to a second consecutive century of significant losses, but targeted interventions could help ensure its survival in the wild.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold spot microrefugia hold the key to survival for Brazil's Critically Endangered Araucaria tree

Wilson

Walters

Mayle

et al. 2019

Global Change Biology

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show abstract

“…Several studies have reported similar levels of genetic diversity in populations located within and outside protected areas (PAs -Caló et al, 2016;Hedenäs, 2018;Novello et al, 2018;Wennerström et al, 2017;Zechini et al, 2018), but none of those studies consider the temporal aspect. Araguas et al (2017) examined genetic diversity and introgression in brown trout populations within PAs in north-western Spain, with samples taken at more than two points in time.…”

Section: Genetic Diversity Trends In Protected Areasmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mapping and monitoring genetic diversity of an alpine freshwater top predator by applying newly proposed indicators

Andersson

Karlsson

Ryman

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Genetic diversity is the basis for population adaptation and long-term survival, yet rarely considered in biodiversity monitoring. One key issue is the need for useful and straightforward indicators of genetic diversity. To test newly proposed indicators, we monitored genetic diversity over 40 years (1970-2010) in metapopulations of brown trout inhabiting 27 small mountain lakes representing 10 water systems in central Sweden. Three of the indicators were previously proposed for broad, international use for the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) context, while three others were recently elaborated for national use by a Swedish science-management effort and applied for the first time here. The Swedish indicators use molecular genetic data to monitor genetic diversity within and between populations and assess the effective population size (Ne). We used a panel of 96 SNPs and identified 29 discrete populations retained over time. Over 40 percent of the lakes harbored more than one population indicating that brown trout biodiversity hidden as cryptic, sympatric populations are more common than recognized. The Ne indicator showed values below the threshold (Ne≤500) in 20 populations with five showing Ne<100. Although statistically significant genetic diversity reductions occurred in several populations, they were mostly within proposed threshold limits. Metapopulation structure appears to buffer against diversity loss; when applying the indicators to metapopulations most indicators suggest an acceptable genetic status in all but one system. The CBD indicators agreed with the national ones but provided less detail. We propose that all indicators applied here are appropriate for monitoring genetic diversity within species.

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“…A demarcação de UCs nessa fitofisionomia também causou e ainda gera conflito de interesses entre conservação da biodiversidade e uso e manejo de recursos por agricultores. No entanto, a influência humana pode contribuir para gerar serviços ambientais diretos e indiretos (Brandt, 2012;Peroni et al, 2013;Machado Mello & Peroni, 2015;Adan et al, 2016), principalmente pelas ações que favorecem continuamente o interesse pelo pinhão, por meio de seu consumo, ocorrendo em áreas de entorno de UCs, como na região serrana do estado de Santa Catarina por meio de sistemas tradicionais de manejo (Adan et al, 2016;Zechini et al, 2018). Os PSA para essa região são apontados como um mecanismo que permite um maior equilíbrio de interesses do que apenas dentro do limitado espaço delimitado por áreas protegidas (i.e.…”

Section: Pagamento Por Serviços Ambientaisunclassified

“…O uso, manejo e consumo das sementes (pinhão) da Araucária historicamente tem moldado paisagens culturais e transformando o ecossistema da FOM, com forte influência de comunidades locais distribuídas no Sul do Brasil Machado Mello & Peroni, 2015;Adan et al, 2016;Zechini et al, 2018;Lauterjung et al, 2018). O consumo do pinhão como recurso alimentício, a exploração histórica da espécie, além da influência cultural e ambiental na área da FOM, são exemplos de como o uso, manejo e conservação da Araucária fornecem, direta ou indiretamente, serviços ambientais.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Analysis of programs of payment for environmental services in southern Brazil: identifying strategies for the conservation of Araucaria angustifolia

Tagliari

Moreira

Peroni

2019

Desenvolv. Meio Ambiente

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As estratégias de conservação no Brasil não se limitam à criação de Unidades de Conservação, seja de Proteção Integral ou de Uso Sustentável. Há abordagens distintas, que aliam conservação ao acesso aos serviços ambientais que decorrem da biodiversidade, como por exemplo Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais (PSA). Ao longo da Floresta Ombrófila Mista (FOM), a Araucaria angustifolia, ou Pinheiro-do-Paraná, encontra-se tão ameaçada quanto o próprio ecossistema no qual está inserida. Com o intuito de avaliar os programas de PSA criados na FOM que contribuem na conservação da espécie, este estudo avaliou quatro programas de PSA: “Desmatamento Evitado”, “Araucária+”, “Corredor Ecológico Chapecó” e “Estrada com Araucárias”, distribuídos nos estados do Paraná e Santa Catarina. Foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica para a seleção desses programas e, uma vez selecionados, foram levantados seus indicadores e tipologias, além de ser feito um índice apontando pontos positivos e negativos entre os programas selecionados. Esses projetos possuem objetivos amplos, que valorizam os indicadores de adicionalidade, permanência, transação, e com pouca evidência ao indicador de vazamento (spillover). As tipologias são contempladas em sua maioria, como suporte e regulação, porém os serviços culturais poderiam ser contemplados com uma frequência maior, por exemplo. Por fim, ao analisar esses quatro projetos, foi observado que, apesar de poucos indicadores e tipologias que envolvem um PSA, há possibilidades distintas para aliar conservação e valoração da biodiversidade positivamente, pois os programas possuem metodologias e objetivos distintos em geral.

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Genetic Conservation of Brazilian Pine (Araucaria angustifolia) Through Traditional Land Use

Cited by 17 publications

References 45 publications

Cold spot microrefugia hold the key to survival for Brazil's Critically Endangered Araucaria tree

Cold spot microrefugia hold the key to survival for Brazil's Critically Endangered Araucaria tree

Mapping and monitoring genetic diversity of an alpine freshwater top predator by applying newly proposed indicators

Analysis of programs of payment for environmental services in southern Brazil: identifying strategies for the conservation of Araucaria angustifolia

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