Genetic Analysis of Resistance to Pod Shattering in Soybean

Abstract

Pod shattering (dehiscence) is a major constraint to soybean (Glycine max. (L) Merrill) production in the northernsavanna zones of Ghana, but research on improving soybean for resistance to shattering is scanty. Genetic analysis of resistance to pod shattering was undertaken on three soybean crosses involving resistant and susceptible varieties to determine broad-sense (h 2 bs ) and narrow-sense (h 2 ns ) heritability, minimum number of genes (MNG) involved cytoplasmic inheritance, and allelic relationship between shattering and non-shattering. Mean h 2 bs was 0.92 (range 0.90-0.95), and mean h 2 ns was 0.46 (range 0.40-0.53), indicating the importance of both additive and non-additive variances and that shattering resistance can be improved through breeding. Mean MNG controlling shattering resistance was 2 (range 1-3), indicating that genes for shattering resistance differed among parental lines. There was no difference between the mean of any F 1 population and it's reciprocal, indicating lack of maternal/cytoplasmic influence and that the character was under nuclear gene control. Observed F 2 ratios revealed that inheritance of resistance to pod shattering in soybean was qualitative in nature and under the 18 H. Mohammed et al. influence of either duplicate recessive or dominant and recessive epistasis, depending on the parental genotypes used in the cross.

Characterization and performance of agronomic characters of soybean genotypes resistant to pod shattering

“…Various research revealed that pod shattering was genetically controlled (Bailey et al 1997;Caviness 1969;Saxe et al 1996). Mohammed et al (2014) observed ratios at F2 population, and then concluded that inheritance of resistance to pod shattering was quantitative and under the influence of either duplicate recessive or dominant and recessive epistasis depending on the parental genotypes used in the cross. Another study revealed a presence of two major genes along with inhibitory epistasis for the inheritance of pod shattering in soybean (Bhor et al 2014).…”

Variability on morphological characters associated with pod shattering resistance in soybean

“…Mohammed (2010) reported that inheritance of resistance to pod shattering was under the influence of either duplicate recessive or dominant and recessive epistasis depending on the parental genotypes used in the cross. A studies of pod anatomy (Esau 1977), showed that certain anatomical and morphological structures of the soybean pod have been recognized as determinant factors within pod shattering resistance (Tsuciya 1987;Tiwari and Bhatia 1995;Bara et al 2013;Adeyeye et al 2014).…”

“…Varietal differences in pod shattering resistance among soybean genotypes have been evaluated in various countries, and resulted in several soybean genotypes which resistant and/or tolerant to pod shattering, such as 'Bragg', 'PK 416', and 'NRC 3' (Tiwari and Bhatia 1995), 'JS-1515', 'JS-1608' and 'JS-1625' (Upadhyaya and Paradkar 1991, 'TGX 1448-2E' (Mohammed 2010), 'Maksoy 1N' and 'Maksoy 2N' (AGRA 2014), 'Glenn' (VCIA 2014), 'JS 335', 'JSM 170', and 'MAUS 61-2' (Agrawal et al 2003;Bara et al 2013). Those genotypes could be 74 potentially utilized as source of genes for pod shattering resistance in breeding programs.…”

Screening for pod shattering in mutant population of mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)

“…Induced mutations are also useful when it is desired to improve easily identifiable characters (Roychowdhury and Tah, 2013). Mutant plants displayed a range of reduction in shattering (5 to 15%) depending upon the combination of mutations used.…”