Screening for pod shattering in mutant population of mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)

Abstract

Mungbean, (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) occupies a unique position in Indian agriculture and has been grown under various agro-ecological conditions. It is cultivated in 1.61mha with production of 3.38MT and productivity of 474kg/ha in India. Mungbean pods are thin and brittle when dry, so shattering is a major problem. The loss of seeds by pod dehiscence is one of the major reasons for low yield in mungbean; thus, reducing the frequency of pod dehiscence is an important objective in mungbean breeding. Induced mutations, have offered a single and short alternative to conventional breeding including isolation, screening, selection and testing generation after generation. In this study, variability was induced by gamma rays and Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) in two greengram genotypes viz., CO (Gg) 7 and NM 65. Screening for pod shattering was carried out in M 2 and M 3 populations of greengram. The scoring for shattering was recorded at physiological maturity of the pod. The shattering percentage ranged from 14.56 (400 Gy) to 93.45 per cent (20 mM). A total of 100 shattering tolerant mutants were selected from field based on visual observation. These mutants were again scored under laboratory condition as per IITA method. A total of 12 mutants of CO (Gg) 7 and 10 mutants of NM 65 which were tolerant to pod shattering were identified in M 2 generation and forwarded to M 3 generation. These mutants were scored for pod shattering under laboratory condition and nine mutants viz., M26, M44, M46, M58, M70, M71, M84, M92 and M98 were found to be tolerant in M 3 generation. This study on identification and screening of the mutants tolerant to pod shattering with high yielding potential will help to increase the production of the pods to a greater extent.

Influence of the different pod positions and screening methods on soybean pod shattering

“…In other crops, such as mungbean, it also showed that the indeterminate flowering habit of this crop contributes to the spread of flowering and pod maturity over the entire reproductive phase on a single plant. As a result, pods that develop at the earliest flower may shatter before 100% pod maturity (Vairam et al, 2017).…”

Evaluation of Mungbean Varieties for Adaptation to Rice-Based Cropping Systems and Profitability in North-West Cambodia

“…All of these varieties had a significantly lower seed weight compared to DX-208. Although there is ongoing research with mungbean germplasm focussed on the non-shattering trait (Nirmalbharati et al, 2016;Vairam, 2017), there appears to be no published research on pod-shattering characteristics of commercialized mungbean varieties. The Australian mungbean improvement program selects for the non-shattering trait (Douglas, 2017).…”

“…Pod-shattering, as an evolved seed dispersal mechanism, is an important cause of yield loss in crops such as mungbean, which are still in the process of domestication (Nirmalbharati & Sumangala, 2016). Although mungbean germplasm is subject to various studies such as molecular diversity analysis (Nirmalbharati & Sumangala, 2016), and screening for pod shattering in mutant populations (Vairam et al, 2017), no useful published comparisons can be found on pod-shattering in commercial mungbean varieties. In 2018, three Thai and four Vietnamese varieties were evaluated at two sites in Battambang (Campbell-Ross et al, 2019) but rejected for evaluation in this study because they had lower seed weights compared to DX-208.…”

Pod Positions on the Plant Associated with Pod Shattering Resistance in Soybean Genotypes

“…In mungbean, it was reported that the indeterminate flowering habit leads to a spread of flowering and pod maturity on a single plant over the entire reproductive phase. Consequently, pods that develop at the earliest flower may shatter prior to 100% pod maturity (Vairam et al 2017).…”

“…Krisnawati et al (2019a) have successfully selected a total of 104 very resistant lines in the 591 F 5 segregating population of soybean derived from crosses of the resistant parent. A screening for pod shattering in the mutant populations of green-gram obtained nine tolerant mutants in the M 3 generation (Vairam et al 2017). In the molecular approach, Thakare et al (2017) have found two markers that could be utilized in the marker assisted for pod shattering resistance.…”