Characterization and performance of agronomic characters of soybean genotypes resistant to pod shattering

Abstract

Abstract. Krisnawati A, Adie MM. 2017. Characterization and performance of agronomic characters of soybean genotypes resistant to pod shattering. Biodiversitas 18: 1158Biodiversitas 18: -1164. Pod shattering is one of the major obstacles of soybean cultivation in Indonesia's tropical climate. A total of 24 soybean genotypes, including Anjasmoro (check variety for pod-shatter resistant), Argomulyo and Grobogan (susceptible to pod shattering). The field experiment was conducted in Banyuwangi (East Java, Indonesia) during the dry season II 2016. The experimental design was randomized block, consisted of 24 soybean genotypes as sample trait with four replications. Pods from six random plants at physiological maturity (R8) were detached for pod shattering evaluation. The pod shattering evaluation was conducted in Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institutes (Malang, Indonesia) by using oven method and ambient temperature method. The classification of shattering resistance was according to Bailey et al. (1997) and Mohammed (2010), i.e. resistant (0-10% shattered pods), intermediate (11-70 % shattered pods) and susceptible (71-100% shattered pods). The average shattered pods of 24 genotypes by oven method reached 42.67%, higher than those of ambient method (21.81%). Six soybean genotypes showed consistently resistant to pod shattering based on oven as well as ambient method. Pods position at lower part was more susceptible to pod shattering than those at middle and upper part. The limit of pod shattering was ranging from two to 38 days. Genotype of G511H/Anjs/Anjs-1-2 which characterized by pod shatter resistant, produced high yield, and large seed size, was potentially developed at the tropical area, such as Indonesia.

Influence of the different pod positions and screening methods on soybean pod shattering

“…In this study, pod length was an important pod character in the pod shattering resistance. Our result was in agreement with previous studies (Krisnawati & Adie, 2017b;Krisnawati et al, 2019;Krisnawati et al, 2020). A longer pod means that the longer the pod suture, which makes it easier for the pods to open.…”

“…It also can be seen that soybean genotypes that were classified as resistant to pod shattering showing a resistant degree for pods at the lower part. A study by Krisnawati & Adie (2017b) using the oven method and ambient temperature method obtained a similar result that pods position at the lower part was more susceptible to pod shattering than those in the middle and upper parts. The difference in the shattering at various pod positions on the stem is related to the differences in pod maturity levels in each plant.…”

Evaluation of medium maturity group of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) for agronomic performance and adaptation in Sudanian zone of Burkina Faso

“…Pod shattering is a serious constraint that causes 34 to 99% seed losses (Katembo, 2018). In tropical areas such as Burkina Faso, delayed harvesting contributes to considerable yield loss, especially on varieties which are susceptible to pod shattering (Krisnawati and Adie, 2017). Pod shattering is affected by different environmental factors such as dry climate, low humidity, high temperature, and rapid temperature changes (Agrawal et al, 2002).…”

Variability of agronomic characters related to resistance to stem canker (Phytophthora palmivora) on duku (Lansium domesticum) along Batanghari River, Sumatra, Indonesia

“…Agronomic characterization of mother trees is expected to help identify plant characteristics that are resistant to pathogen attacks (Krisnawati and Adie 2017;Utomo et al 2005). The agronomic characters that marked the resistance to duku stem canker were longer leaf, more number of fruit per stalks, yields, bigger canopy, as well as more number of branch.…”