Gallic acid reverses ovarian disturbances in mice with letrozole-induced PCOS via modulating Adipo R1 expression

Effect of Roundup on the Suprarenal Cortex in the Adult Male Albino Rat and the Possible Ameliorative Role of Gallic Acid. Histological and Immunohistochemical study

“…This was shown both by semithin and ultrastructural examination. This could be justified by the enhancement of mRNA expression levels of CYP11a, and CYP19a1, enzymes that are involved in steroidogenesis, by gallic acid (Ul Haq Shah et al, 2022) Electron microscopic examination of the adrenal cortex cells in the Roundup and gallic acid-treated rats showed improvement of the changes in the cell organelles induced by Roundup. Dutta & Paul (2019) reported that gallic acid protects against bisphenol-induced damage of the mitochondria isolated from the liver of the rat by the inhibition of oxidative stress-mediated damage.…”

Effect of quercetin on steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis in ovary of mice with experimentally-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome

“…Eighteen mature parkes strain mice (Age: 4-5 weeks) weighing 18-21 g were procured from Jeeva life sciences Hyderabad, mice having unrestricted access to water as well as food, and we gave them two weeks to acclimatize the environment. Following the acclimation period of two weeks, the animals were randomly into three groups of six each as follows: Group I serves as the control and was given water and a regular chow diet ad lib for 66 days; group II was given oral gavage administration of letrozole (LETZ) (6 mg/kg bw) ( 3 ) for 21 days to induce PCOS and was left untreated for 45 days; For three weeks, Group III received oral gavage dose of LETZ (6 mg/kg), after which it received Quercetin (QUER) (125 mg/kg bw orally daily) for 45 days. We kept mice under normal ambient temperature (22-25˚C), relative humidity of (55-60) and twelve hours of dark and light cycles respectively.…”

“…Ovarian dysfunction, cysts in ovaries, and hyperandrogenism are some of its diagnostic markers. Despite the lack of a clear aetiology, it appears an imbalance of hormones, particularly elevated testosterone level, as well as insulin resistance (IR), can be taken into account ( 1 – 3 ). Patients with PCOS who have infertility are frequently upset about their inability to get pregnant.…”

“…The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis is hypothesised to be impacted by the environment and genetics in around three and a half of PCOS patients who have elevated androgen levels ( 4 ). One of the intraovarian steroidogenesis abnormalities that are hypothesised to lead to ovarian failure in PCOS is a decrease in activity of aromatase enzyme, causing an imbalance of hormones, hyperandrogenism, and excess androgens within the ovaries leading to polycystic ovaries could be anticipated from decreased activity of the enzyme aromatase, which determines production rate of production of estrogen from androgen ( 3 , 5 ).…”

Chlorogenic Acid Restores Ovarian Functions in Mice with Letrozole-Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Via Modulation of Adiponectin Receptor

“…Obesity affects infertility beyond PCOS, exacerbates its metabolic and reproductive abnormalities, and therefore is linked to anywhere between 44 and 61 percent of PCOS cases [ 6 ]. The potential of the adipose tissue to generate adipocytokines, including adiponectin, which has glucometabolic, as well as lipid-regulating, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, makes it an endocrine organ that controls metabolic processes [ 7 ]. The decrease in adiponectin release in PCOS demonstrates that adipose tissue hyperplasia and malfunction are involved with the origin of PCOS [ 8 ].…”