Fuzzy Based Clustering and Energy Efficient Routing for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) is a particular kind of sensor networks which is characterized by using acoustic channels for communication. UWSN is challenged by great issues specially the energy supply of sensor node which can be wasted rapidly by several factors. The most proposed routing protocols for terrestrial sensor networks are not adequate for UWSN, thus new design of routing protocols must be adapted to this constrain. In this paper we propose two new clustering algorithms based on Fuzzy C-Means mechanisms. In the first proposition, the cluster head is elected initially based on the closeness to the center of the cluster, then the node having the higher residual energy elects itself as a cluster head. All non-cluster head nodes transmit sensed data to the cluster head. This latter performs data aggregation and transmits the data directly to the base station. The second algorithm uses the same principle in forming clusters and electing cluster heads but operates in multi-hop mode to forward data from cluster heads to the underwater sink (uw-sink). Furthermore the two proposed algorithms are tested for static and dynamic deployment. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms resulting in an extension of the network lifetime.

An energy aware scheme for layered chain in underwater wireless sensor networks using genetic algorithm

“…The performance of the proposed algorithm is measured with the effectiveness of the energy consumption when compared with the existing MH-FEER algorithm [25]. As can be seen from Figure 6, the global energy required increases proportionally with the number of rounds.…”

Clustered chain founded on ant colony optimization energy efficient routing scheme for under-water wireless sensor networks

“…For the protocol proposed in [17] improved adaptive mobility of courier nodes in threshold-optimized depth-based-routing (iAMCTD) the authors propose to improve the network ISSN: 2088-8708  Clustered chain founded on ant colony optimization energy efficient routing scheme… (Djilali Moussaoui) 5199 performance by reducing the packet drop ratio by means of its formulated forwarding functions (FFs). Souiki et al [18] suggest an energy efficient routing algorithm based on multi-hop fuzzy (MH-FEER). MH-FEER is a fuzzy-based energy-aware protocol to create clusters based on the fuzzy c-means method.…”

“…In the simulations, we test and compare the efficiency between our proposed algorithm (CCRA) and MH-FEER [18]. Total energy usage and network lifespan are two main efficiency indicators that are evaluated.…”

Fuzzy Clustering with Multi-Constraint QoS Service Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

“…It shows an appropriate tradeoff between the saving of energy and energy balancing by a fuzzy set scheme. Based on examination of energy expenditure for the data transceiver, a single-hop forwarding system is proved to provide less energy than multi-hop forwarding [13], [14]. The main advantage of the fuzzy logic control-based QoS management (FLC-QM) method consists in changing traffic load.…”