Functional and structural connectivity within a recently burned drainage basin

Wester, Thad; Wasklewicz, Thad; Staley, Dennis M.

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.10.011

Cited by 47 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The watershed with deforested Caatinga (followed by burning and pasture) (DC) had the highest number of events with SR (65), with 43 with SP. According to Wester, Wasklewicz and Staley (2014), soil exposure is one of the main factors for sediment transport in areas with burned vegetation. PPT -Precipitation; SR -surface runoff; SP -sediment production; RC -regenerating Caatinga; TC -thinned Caatinga; DC -and deforested Caatinga (followed by burning and pasture).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, few studies assessed the effects of changes in land use in the Brazilian semiarid on hydrological and sedimentological processes, which cause irreparable damages, such as siltation and eutrophication of water bodies. The obtaining of a better correlation between erosivity and soil losses is limited by the high variability and low information on precipitation physical characteristics (ALBUQUERQUE et al, 2005;LIMA et al, 2013;WESTER;WASKLEWICZ;STALEY, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rainfall Characterization and Sedimentological Responses of Watersheds With Different Land Uses to Precipitation in the Semiarid Region of Brazil

et al. 2017

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-The objective of this work was to evaluated the precipitation characteristics (depth, I30 and erosivity) and their effects on sediment production in three watersheds under different managements of land use 35-year regenerating Caatinga (RC), thinned Caatinga (TC), which underwent thinning of trees with diameter smaller than 10 cm; and deforested Caatinga (followed by burning and pasture) (DC). The experimente was conducted in the central, tropical semiarid region of the State of Ceará, Brazil. The precipitation events, surface runoff and sediment production were monitored from 2010 to 2015. The precipitation characteristics were subjected to Pearson's correlation at 1 and 5% of significance and the events that produced sediments in each watershed were hierarchically grouped by hierarchical cluster analysis technique. Two hundred precipitation events were recorded, with 23 (RC), 18 (TC) and 43 (DC) events producing sediments. The use of thinning (TC) decreased the sediment production by 53.5%, while the deforestation, burn and pasture cultivation (DC) increased soil losses by 14%, compared with the RC. The sediment production was greatly correlated with the I30 in the three watersheds, denoting the erosion process great dependence on the precipitation intensity.Keywords: Precipitation. Sediment Production. Watersheds. CARACTERISTICAS DAS CHUVAS E RESPOSTAS SEDIMENTOLOGICAS EM DIFERENTES USOS DO SOLO NO SEMIÁRIDORESUMO -Obejtivou-se com este estudo investigar as caracteristicas das chuvas (altura precipitada, I30 e erosividade) e suas correlações com a produção de sedimentos em três microbacias submetidas aos seguintes manejos: Caatinga em Regeneração (CER) há 35 anos; Caatinga Raleada (CRA) passou pelo raleio das árvores com diâmetro menor que 10 cm; Desmatamento/Queima/Plantio de Pastagem (DQP). A área de estudo é representative de região semiárida tropical e está localizada na parte central do estado do Ceará. Foram monitorados eventos puviométricos, escoamento superficial e produção de sedimentosdos anos de 2010 a 2015.As características das chuvas foram submetidas a correlação de Pearson a nível de 1 e 5 % de significância e os eventos que produziram sedimentos em cada microbacia foram agrupados hierarquicamente pela técnica de Análise de Agrupamento Hierárquico. Ao todo foram registrados 200 eventos pluviométricos dos quais 23, 18 e 43 eventos produziram sedimentos nas microbacias CER, CRA e DQP respectivamente. A adoção do manejos de raleamento reduziu a produção de sedimentos em 53,5 %, enquanto que o DQP promoveu um aumento das perdas de solo em 14 % em relação à CER. A produção de sedimentos expressou uma maior correlação com o I30 para as três microbacias expressando a maior dependência do processo erosive da intensidade das chuvas.Palavras-chave: Precipitação pluviométrica. Produção de sedimentos. Micorbacias.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall Characterization and Sedimentological Responses of Watersheds With Different Land Uses to Precipitation in the Semiarid Region of Brazil

et al. 2017

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“…The influence of vegetation removal and the use of fire on soil loss was evident, since this was the first year of management after the burning procedure in the area (ARAUJO WESTER et al, 2014). The TC area had less soil loss, with loss 4-fold smaller than the FC, proving to be an efficient soil protection management for the region (RODRIGUES et al, 2013b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zhou et al (2016) assessed the influence of rain on soil loss and found that the determining factor for the formation of erosive groups was the I 30 . Wester et al (2014) also studied the interaction of these factors and pointed the soil exposure as a major factor for sediment transport in areas that had a burning procedure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impact of effective precipitation and sediment production on springs of water courses are more or less pronounced depending on the soil management system adopted, which may cause a hydrological disconnectivity (WESTER et al, 2014). Several studies evaluate the return on investment and social balance of agroforestry suggest the use of these activities to minimize impacts on the environment (TAVARES FILHO et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effective Preciptation, Soil Loss and Plant Cover Systems in the Caatinga Biome, Brazil

et al. 2016

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of anthropic activities on the effective precipitation (eP) and soil loss in watersheds under different land uses in a tropical dry forest region. The experimental area was located in the central part of the State of Ceará, Brazil. The land uses evaluated were: fallow Caatinga (FC), thinned Caatinga (TC) and deforested Caatinga followed by a burning procedure and pasture cultivation (DBP). The areas were monitored in the rainy season (January to May, 2010), when 57 natural rainfalls occurred, totaling 941 mm of precipitation. The eP and sediment productions were quantified by the sum of all occurrences during the study period, and the soil loss was represented by suspended and dragged sediments. The eP was 15.13 mm and sediment produced was 167.81 kg ha -1 in FC conditions. The eP values was smaller (11.28 mm) in the watershed with TC, which had soil loss sum of 42.04 kg ha -1 . The largest annual eP was found in the DBP area, with 112.88 mm yr -1 of accumulated water depth, which also showed the greater annual soil loss (3114.97 kg ha -1). The greatest interference of plant cover in the two variables evaluated occurred in the first precipitation events, when the plants were not yet fully developed.Keywords: Water erosion. Semiarid region. Surface runoff. PRECIPITAÇÃO EFETIVA E PERDAS DE SOLO EM DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE COBERTURAVEGETAL NO BIOMA CAATINGA RESUMO -O presente estudo objetivou investigar a influência da ação antrópica na precipitação efetiva (Pe) e nas perdas de solo em microbacias submetidas a diferentes usos do solo em região de floresta tropical seca. A área experimental está localizada na parte central do estado do Ceará, Brasil. Os usos do solo investigados foram: Caatinga em Pousio (CP), Caatinga Raleada (CR) e manejo de Desmatamento da Caatinga seguido de Queima e cultivo de Pastagem (DQP). O monitoramento foi realizado na estação chuvosa (janeiro a maio) de 2010, com uma ocorrência de 57 eventos naturais de chuva, totalizando 941 mm precipitados. Na quantificação da Pe e produção de sedimentos foi feito um somatório para todos os eventos ocorridos no período de estudo e nas perdas de solo consideraram-se os sedimentos em suspensão e em arraste. Em condições de pousio, a Pe e a produção de sedimentos foram de 15,13 mm e 167,81 kg ha -1 respectivamente. Os menores valores de Pe (11,28 mm) ocorreram na microbacia cujo uso da terra era o CR, cujas perdas de solo totalizaram 42,04 kg ha -1 . No uso da terra DQP foi registrada a maior Pe anual com 112,88 mm ano -1 de lâmina escoada acumulada, bem como as maiores perdas de solo anual (3.114,97 kg ha -1 ). A maior inferência da cobertura vegetal nos dois processos investigados ocorreu para os primeiros eventos, quando o estrato herbáceo ainda não estava desenvolvido.Palavras-Chave: Erosão hídrica. Semiárido. Escoamento superficial.

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Constraining the relative importance of raindrop‐ and flow‐driven sediment transport mechanisms in postwildfire environments and implications for recovery time scales

et al. 2016

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Mountain watersheds recently burned by wildfire often experience greater amounts of runoff and increased rates of sediment transport relative to similar unburned areas. Given the sedimentation and debris flow threats caused by increases in erosion, more work is needed to better understand the physical mechanisms responsible for the observed increase in sediment transport in burned environments and the time scale over which a heightened geomorphic response can be expected. In this study, we quantified the relative importance of different hillslope erosion mechanisms during two postwildfire rainstorms at a drainage basin in Southern California by combining terrestrial laser scanner‐derived maps of topographic change, field measurements, and numerical modeling of overland flow and sediment transport. Numerous debris flows were initiated by runoff at our study area during a long‐duration storm of relatively modest intensity. Despite the presence of a well‐developed rill network, numerical model results suggest that the majority of eroded hillslope sediment during this long‐duration rainstorm was transported by raindrop‐induced sediment transport processes, highlighting the importance of raindrop‐driven processes in supplying channels with potential debris flow material. We also used the numerical model to explore relationships between postwildfire storm characteristics, vegetation cover, soil infiltration capacity, and the total volume of eroded sediment from a synthetic hillslope for different end‐member erosion regimes. This study adds to our understanding of sediment transport in steep, postwildfire landscapes and shows how data from field monitoring can be combined with numerical modeling of sediment transport to isolate the processes leading to increased erosion in burned areas.

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Functional and structural connectivity within a recently burned drainage basin

Cited by 47 publications

References 44 publications

Rainfall Characterization and Sedimentological Responses of Watersheds With Different Land Uses to Precipitation in the Semiarid Region of Brazil

Rainfall Characterization and Sedimentological Responses of Watersheds With Different Land Uses to Precipitation in the Semiarid Region of Brazil

Effective Preciptation, Soil Loss and Plant Cover Systems in the Caatinga Biome, Brazil

Constraining the relative importance of raindrop‐ and flow‐driven sediment transport mechanisms in postwildfire environments and implications for recovery time scales

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