Fumigation and repellency of essential oils against Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in cowpea

Abstract

-The objective of this work was to assess the fumigant and repellent effects of essential oils on adults of Callosobruchus maculatus and to identify the chemical composition of two of the tested essential oils. For the fumigation test, the oils of Schinus terebinthifolius, Piper aduncum, Syzygium aromaticum, Piper hispidinervum, Cymbopogon citratus, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and the eugenol compound were tested at different concentrations on C. maculatus adults. For the repellency test, the oils of S. terebinthifolius, P. aduncum, P. hispidinervum, S. aromaticum, Jatropha curcas, and Ricinus communis were evaluated. In the fumigation test, it was observed that P. aduncum and eugenol showed the highest and lowest LC 50s , of 169.50 and 0.28 µL L -1 air, respectively. In the repellency test, the oils of S. aromaticum and P. hispidinervum were repellent to C. maculatus. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of these two oils identified 42 compounds, of which safrole was the main component of P. hispidinervum and eugenol of S. aromaticum. The essential oils of S. aromaticum, C. zeylanicum, and the eugenol compound are the most promising to control C. maculatus, via fumigation.

GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oil Composition and Insecticidal Activity of Syzygium aromaticum against Callosobruchus Maculatus of Chickpea

“…Similar results were reported by De Oliveira, Sasikala and Sahaf. [35][36][37] This reduction in oviposition is thought to be due to the early death of C. maculatus adults because of essential oil treatment, as shown by Schmidt et al 38 and Mazibur and Gerhard 39 studying the effect of Acorus calamus oil on Callosobruchus phaseoli. The contact toxicity of volatile vegetable oils to pests of products stored as insecticides is due to their volatility and therefore their low persistence.…”

Method Validation and Evaluation of Safrole Persistence in Cowpea Beans Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography

“…Damage caused by pests during storage-remarkably by Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr., 1775) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)-might compromise yield and the production quality, leading to significant deficits to farmers [4]. Therefore, the primary prevention and control tactic against these attacks has been the use of synthetic insecticides (pyrethroids and organophosphates) and fumigants (such as phosphine, PH 3 ) [5][6][7]. Nonetheless, the continuous and indiscriminate use of these products for treating grains has been questioned worldwide, as they are also lethal to non-target organisms [8], lead to resistance development in insect-pest populations [5,9], and potentially pollute the environment [10].…”

“…Due to their insecticidal activity, EOs and their chemical constituents are promising alternatives for controlling insect pests in stored grains [15]. The biocidal activity of EOs has been reported against different types of pests and pathogens, such as insects [6,16], mites [17], fungi [18], viruses [19], bacteria [20], nematodes [21], and amoebas [22].…”

“…is an aromatic plant endemic to the Amazon and has excellent potential for essential oil extraction [26]. Its EO is rich in safrole, which represents about 77.7 to 94.7% of the composition [6,21,22,25,27]. Besides long pepper, safrole is found in EOs from other species of the families Piperaceae [28][29][30], Lauraceae [31], and Myristicaceae [32].…”

Behavioral and Antennal Responses of Tribolium confusum to Varronia globosa Essential Oil and Its Main Constituents: Perspective for Their Use as Repellent

“…In Brazil, the country with the highest plant biodiversity in the world, and where many species are still unknown to science [ 10 ], volatiles emitted by endemic plants may affect insect behavior. The essential oils of plants are a promising alternative to synthetic insecticides because they contain many different volatile compounds, and some of them in large quantities [ 11 ]. The main chemical classes of volatile organic compounds present in plant essential oils are terpenes, phenol-derived aromatic components and aliphatic components, and their bioactivity is frequently a result of synergy among constituents [ 12 ].…”