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Spodoptera frugiperda is a major pest in several crops due to its polyphagous habit. Studies on the use of essential oils for pest control have been increasing over the years, presenting itself as a promising alternative with less environmental impact. Chemical profile evaluations of essential oils enable the knowledge and use of major compounds, providing a better understanding of their actions in the life history of insects. Thus, the study evaluated the effects of the major compounds limonene, trans-anethole and the combined effects upon nutrition, reproduction and testicular apoptosis in S. frugiperda. Larvae of third instar were submitted to the LD of the compounds by topical contact and 48 h later the amounts of lipids, proteins, total sugar and glycogen were evaluated. The testicular apoptosis was evaluated in the treated larvae after 48 h and the reproductive parameters were evaluated after adult emergence. All treatments reduced the amounts of lipid, protein, total sugar and glycogen when compared to control. The most significant results were obtained by the association of compounds. All treatments reduced the number of eggs, oviposition period and adult longevity when compared to control. There were no changes in the pre-oviposition and post-oviposition periods. Testicular apoptosis was observed in the limonene and in the combined treatments. It is concluded that limonene and trans-anethole, especially in association, cause adverse effects upon nutrition and reproduction in S. frugiperda, altering essential parameters for its survival and establishment on crops.

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Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major pest of maize, Zea mays L. Its control is often achieved through repeated applications per season of insecticides, which may lead to adverse effects on the ecosystem. Thus, the study of alternative methods with less environmental impact has expanded to include the use of essential oils. These oils are products of the secondary metabolism in plants, and their insecticidal activity has been widely demonstrated in populations of many pest insects. This study evaluated the insecticidal activities of essential oils from Eucalyptus staigeriana, Ocimum gratissimum, and Foeniculum vulgare on Spodoptera frugiperda. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry profiles and contact toxicity of these oils as well as their sublethal effects on larvae and reproductive parameters in adults were evaluated. All three oils had sublethal effects on S. frugiperda; however, the oil of O. gratissimum showed the best results at all doses tested. These essential oils may have promise for control of S. frugiperda.

Objetivos: Traçar o perfil epidemiológico da Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica em uma população de zona urbana.  Métodos: Estudo descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido nas unidades básicas de saúde (UBS) da zona urbana do município de Aldeias Altas-MA. A amostra foi composta por 228 hipertensos cadastrados no programa Hiperdia e acompanhados pela Estratégia Saúde da Família Resultados: O perfil predominantemente encontrado no estudo revelou indivíduos hipertensos do sexo feminino, raça/cor negra, casados, analfabetos, lavradores, com renda mensal de até um salário mínimo, sedentários, não etilistas e não tabagistas, com sobrepeso. Com relação ao estágio da HAS, a maioria encontrava-se com hipertensão leve. Diagnóstico desta patologia há mais de 10 anos, e estes têm hábito de consultar-se uma vez por mês com médico. Antecedentes familiares com hipertensão. A doença associada que apresentou destaque foi DM. E como forma de tratamento da HAS, a maioria realizava dieta (controle do sal) e uso de medicamentos (IECA), mas que não apresentavam aderência ao tratamento. Conclusão: Notou-se que é necessário prestar assistência diferenciada no âmbito da atenção primária, a fim de reduzir a prevalência da hipertensão, no intuito de modificar o estilo de vida e/ou possíveis fatores de riscos e, consequentemente, diminuir a morbimortalidade ocasionada por complicações da HAS.

The mite diversity in the Barbados Cherry was evaluated at the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, in Recife, Pernambuco State. The samples were done in the germ plasm bank of the plant between May 2001 and March 2002. In each sample eight aleatory branches from each individual of twelve plants were surveyed. From each branch the apical bud and eight leaves from median and basal positions were collected. In the laboratory the mites were collected, mounted in histological laminas for microscopy, and identified. We founded 2.233 mites from 32 species owing to 29 genus and 11 families. From all species 4.5% belonged to the Acaridida, 79.4% to the Actinedida, 6.7% to the Gamasida and 9.4% to the Oribatida Orders. The majority of the collected specimens are phytophagous. The Eriophyidae family represented 59.2% from all mites collected. All sampled specimens owed to genus Floracarus. The Tenuipalpidae family represented 12.5% from all ácaros. The determined species were Brevipalpus californicus (Banks), with 4.7% and Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) with 7.8%. Among the predaceous mites the phytoseids were more frequent, representing 6.4% from the collected mites, from which 2.8% were identified as Amblyseius aerialis (Muma), 2.1% as Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark & Muma and 1.2% as Euseius alatus DeLeon. Among the 32 collected species, 12 are predator mites, six probably are micophagous and only four are phytophagous. These last ones, seemingly do not provoke economic damage indicating that the mites that occur in the Malpighiaceae family may be in equilibrium. KEY WORDS: Acari, taxonomy, tropical fruit RESUMO-A diversidade de ácaros na cultura da aceroleira foi avaliada na Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco em Recife, PE. As coletas foram realizadas no banco de germoplasma da aceroleira entre maio de 2001 e março de 2002. Em cada coleta foram amostradas 12 plantas, tomando-se aleatoriamente oito ramos por planta. Em cada ramo coletou-se o broto apical e oito folhas medianas e basais. Em seguida, as amostras foram levadas ao laboratório e os ácaros coletados, e montados em lâmina para microscopia e identificados. Foram coletados 2.233 ácaros de 32 espécies pertencentes a 29 gêneros e 11 famílias. Do total de ácaros coletados 4,5% pertenceram à ordem Acaridida, 79,4% à ordem Actinedida, 6,7% à ordem Gamasida e 9,4% à ordem Oribatida. A maioria dos espécimes coletados é fitófaga. A família Eriophyidae representou 59,2% dos ácaros coletados, todos pertencentes ao gênero Floracarus. A famíliaTenuipalpidae representou 12,5% dos ácaros. As espécies identificadas foram Brevipalpus californicus (Banks), com 4,7% e Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes), com 7,8%. Dentre os ácaros predadores, os fitoseídeos foram os mais freqüentes, representando 6,4% dos ácaros coletados, dos quais 2,8% foram identificados como Amblyseius aerialis (Muma), 2,1% como Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark & Muma e 1,2% como Euseius alatus DeLeon. Dentre as 32 espécies de ácaros coletadas 12 são predadoras, seis são provavelmente micófagas e apenas q...