Sublethal Effects of Essential Oils FromEucalyptus staigeriana(Myrtales: Myrtaceae),Ocimum gratissimum(Lamiales: Laminaceae), andFoeniculum vulgare(Apiales: Apiaceae) on the Biology ofSpodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major pest of maize, Zea mays L. Its control is often achieved through repeated applications per season of insecticides, which may lead to adverse effects on the ecosystem. Thus, the study of alternative methods with less environmental impact has expanded to include the use of essential oils. These oils are products of the secondary metabolism in plants, and their insecticidal activity has been widely demonstrated in populations of many pest insects. This study evaluated the insecticidal activities of essential oils from Eucalyptus staigeriana, Ocimum gratissimum, and Foeniculum vulgare on Spodoptera frugiperda. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry profiles and contact toxicity of these oils as well as their sublethal effects on larvae and reproductive parameters in adults were evaluated. All three oils had sublethal effects on S. frugiperda; however, the oil of O. gratissimum showed the best results at all doses tested. These essential oils may have promise for control of S. frugiperda.

Toxicity of Cymbopogon flexuosus essential oil and citral for Spodoptera frugiperda

“…This effect was also observed in other studies in which the action of botanical insecticides was evaluated on lepidopteran pests (Ansante et al, 2015;Cruz et al, 2016;Hummelbrunner;Isman, 2001;Kaleeswaran et al, 2018). With regard to integrated pest management, the increase in the larval period observed with sublethal doses of insecticidal plants may be an important strategy when associated with biological control, for example.…”

Methanolic Extract of Winter Cherry Causes Morpho-Histological and Immunological Ailments in Mulberry Pyralid Glyphodes pyloalis

“…Birah et al (2010) and Alves et al (2014) working on clove and long pepper extract, observed a juvenoid like effect which altered S. litura and Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lep: Noctuidae) reproduction, respectively. Clove oil in their study reduced number of eggs and their viability has also been reported by Cruz et al (2016) in S. frugipedra. Our results are in agreement with the reported investigations mentioned, where reduced number of eggs laid and decreased amount of important compounds including, Protein, triglyceride and glycogen are corresponding to the defects in histology treated insects ovaries.…”

Opportunities and Scope for Botanical Extracts and Products for the Management of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) for Smallholders in Africa

“…The sublethal effects of the essential oils of Foeniculum vulgare, Ocimum gratissimum and Eucalyptus staigeriana on FAW have been reported [34]. The essential oils caused reduced larval and pupal weights, increased larval and pupation periods, reduced oviposition period and adult survival although there were variations in effects.…”