Frequency of the Occurrence of Methicilin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infections in Hyderabad, Pakistan

Brohi, Nazir A.; Noor, Agha Asad

doi:10.21743/pjaec/2017.06.08

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Self-medication along with inappropriate dispensing of antibiotics among patients are some of the other weaknesses in the clinical health system in Pakistan that further enhance the prevalence of antibiotic resistance [31,32]. In contrast to the previous reported results of different studies [12,33,34], no vancomycin resistant S. aureus were identified in the present study. Vancomycin intermediate resistant and vancomycin resistant S. aureus (VISA and VRSA, respectively) are a serious public health concern.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

Genetic Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus Strains from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Syed

Jamil²,

Ramadan

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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Staphylococcus aureus is an important healthcare-associated bacterium that causes a multitude of infections in humans such as superficial skin and soft tissue infections, necrotizing pneumonia, foodborne illnesses and postsurgical infections. Treatment of S. aureus infections has become more complicated due to the emergence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), some of which are multidrug resistant. The present study aimed to characterize S. aureus isolates from a tertiary care hospital in the Rawalpindi district of Pakistan. Staphylococci were isolated from 300 clinical samples collected from January 2018 to January 2019 and S. aureus isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and analyzed using Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE), Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST), staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) and spa typing. Approximately 25.3% (76/300) of the clinical samples were positive for S. aureus; of those, 88.2% (67/76) were mecA+ (MRSA). In addition to the β-lactam antibiotics, high levels of resistance were also found to the fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin and levofloxacin (73.7% each)). Of the 23 different spa types identified, the majority of isolates belonged to spa type t632 and t657 (9/66; 13.6% each spa type). ST772-t657 (Bengal Bay clone) was the most commonly identified clone in this study although other clones circulating around different regions of the world were also found indicating the diversity in MRSA isolates from this area of Pakistan. This study emphasizes the need to monitor MRSA in the clinical setting for improved infection control and treatment options.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

Genetic Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus Strains from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Syed

Jamil²,

Ramadan

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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“…The ciprofloxacin resistance (33.7% and 47%) was lower in these studies as compared to our study (75%). 9,11,12 In present study, MRSA resistance to gentamicin was found to be 62.5%, while the studies conducted in Lahore and Peshawar reported higher resistance 97.6% and 100% respectively. 9,10 MRSA resistance to Rifampicin was found 25.0 %, while low resistance of rifampicin such as 18.8%, 14.0% and 7.0 % reported in previous studies.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

Future Trends in the Treatment of MRSA in Pakistan

Noorulamin

Zarafsah

Janjua

et al. 2022

J Islamabad Med Dental Coll

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Background: The Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is accountable for community and hospital acquired infections. Due to over and misuse of antibiotics, MRSA isolates are becoming multidrug resistant even with linezolid and vancomycin. The objective of this study was to determine recent antimicrobial profile of MRSA, isolated from different clinical samples and current treatment options for MRSA, other than vancomycin and Linezolid. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Foundation university medical college from Jan 2019 to Dec 2020. Total 918 samples of blood, pus swab, throat swab, tracheal swab, wound swab, endotracheal tube (ETT) tips, Catheter tips, axillary swab and suction tips received by using aseptic techniques, for culture and sensitivity in different hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, were taken. Isolated pathogens were identified using standard protocols and susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Out of 918 samples, MRSA was isolated in 96 (10.4%) samples and most frequently observed in 27% (n=26) blood samples. The mean age of enrolled patients was 52.02 (SD±16.1) years, the infection was largely seen in age group 46-55(24%) and in 57% (n=52) male population. MRSA showed higher resistance to levofloxacin 78.1% (n=75), ciprofloxacin 75% (n=72), erythromycin 70.8% (n=68) and gentamycin 62.5% (n=60). The susceptibility of older drug chloramphenicol and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was found 61% & 49% respectively. MRSA isolates were highly susceptible to vancomycin (96.8%), linezolid (89.5%) and teicoplanin (70.85%). Alarmingly, 2.1% (n=2) MRSA isolates showed resistance to vancomycin. Conclusion:Vancomycin resistant MRSA is a matter of great concern, because of unawareness among health administrative departments and public, self-medication, lack of surveillance system and non-availability of antibiotic policy. Keywords: Antibiotics, MRSA, Vancomycin, Chloramphenicol

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“…A study conducted in Hyderabad, Pakistan reported 75% samples positive for MRSA. 19 We should improve detection methods for pathogens to avoid misuse of antibiotics and to decrease antibiotic resistance. These methods should be as much improved so that we detect pathogens in early infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus; its incidence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern.

Hassan¹,

Farva²,

Bhutta³

2021

TPMJ

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Objective: To determine incidence of MRSA in our community and its antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Pathology, Sahara Medical College Narowal. Period: January 2020 to June 2020. Material & Methods: Bacterial isolates were taken from the samples of blood, pus and other body fluids sent to the hospital laboratory to determine culture and sensitivity pattern. Those samples positive for staphylococcus aureus were included in the study for further examination. MRSA were detected using conventional technique (catalase, coagulase and DNase methods) and confirmed by phenotypic and molecular characterization techniques (cefoxitin and oxacillin sensitivity, mec-A gene and 16S rRNA genes sequencing methods). Their antibiotic sensitivity was determined using standard Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique. Chi square test was applied on collected data using SPSS-24. Results: Total 158 bacterial isolates containing staphylococcus aureus were included in the study. MRSA (multi drug resistant staphylococcus aureus) was detected in 33.5% samples and MSSA (multi drug sensitive staphylococcus aureus) was detected in 66.5% samples. Frequency of MSSA was more than MRSA. Male gender was more affected (60%) than female (40%). All bacterial isolates containing staphylococcus aureus were resistant to oxacillin and cefoxitin. MRSA isolates were sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, teicoplanin, fosfomycin and fusidic acid, rifampicin, clindamycin, minocyclin and chloramphenicol, while resistant to penicillin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and co-trimoxazole. Conclusion: MRSA is detected by conventional technique followed by phenotypic and molecular characterization methods for confirmation. Methicillin sensitive staphylococcus aureus was detected more commonly than methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus in our study sample. Proper culture and antibiotic sensitivity pattern is necessary to deal with MRSA.

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Frequency of the Occurrence of Methicilin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infections in Hyderabad, Pakistan

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Genetic Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus Strains from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Genetic Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus Strains from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Future Trends in the Treatment of MRSA in Pakistan

Multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus; its incidence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern.

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