Future Trends in the Treatment of MRSA in Pakistan

Noorulamin, Muhammad Noorulamin; Zarafsah, Zarafshan Badar; Janjua, Ayesha; Iqbal, Azhar; Humerah, Sobia; Shaiq, Pakeeza Arzoo

doi:10.35787/jimdc.v11i2.672

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…According to the China Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Trial Program ( https://www.chinets.com ), the isolation frequency of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae had rapidly climbed from 2.9% in 2005 to 24.4% in 2021 ( 10 ). Additionally, extended-spectrum methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was detected in China and other countries as the emerging threat to public health ( 11 – 13 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitude, and practice associated with antimicrobial resistance among medical students between 2017 and 2022: A survey in East China

Min

Zhou²,

Sun³

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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This study described the knowledge, attitude, practice regarding antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among medical students between 2017 and 2022 in East China. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted with a total of 1,066 respondents. We highlighted that the undergraduates had a significant increase in the knowledge of antimicrobial resistance during the 5 years from 2017 to 2022 (p < 0.001). The majority of the assertions about the AMR were correctly identified by respondents. However, gaps were still observed in the issues of antimicrobial targets and bacterial transmission. In addition, overconfident attitudes and inappropriate behaviors of antimicrobial overuse and misuse were observed in the respondents. A number of 30.2% to 45.2% of the respondents asserted that there is no risk of AMR as long as the antimicrobials are taken correctly, and a proportion of the students (25.3% in 2022; 69.3% in 2017, p < 0.001) declared to buy antimicrobials from friends or family members to treat the same illness. Finally, spearman correlation coefficient was enrolled to compare the correlation of the student's KAP. Results showed that the students' knowledge of antimicrobials had a correlation with attitude (p = 0.0126) and practice (p < 0.001), suggesting that public education on knowledge could influence the behaviors among the medical students. Taken all together, our findings show a need to strengthen the medical students' cogitation on antimicrobial attitude and practice of appropriate usage as an essential strategy to reduce intractable public health problems. Additional curriculum reforms will be needed to add more specific AMR-related lectures to raise awareness amongst medical students in China.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitude, and practice associated with antimicrobial resistance among medical students between 2017 and 2022: A survey in East China

Min

Zhou²,

Sun³

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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Microbiological Evaluation of Blepharitis: A Case-Controlled Study

Mudassar,

Bano,

Shahid

et al. 2024

BioSci Rev.

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Background. Blepharitis is a chronic inflammatory eyelid infection. The current study was designed to check the association of normal bacterial flora of normal eyelids with the potential pathogenic bacteria of blepharitis infected eyelids of blepharitis patients. Methodology. A total of (n=50) blepharitis patients were recruited for this study. Then, 100 swab samples were taken from these patients. Sample distribution indicated that 50 swab samples were taken from infected eyelids and 50 from the uninfected part of eyelids of blepharitis patient. Bacterial flora was characterized in these samples through different biochemical tests and antibiotic resistance was checked by using the Kirby Bauer (KB) method. Results. A total of 52 bacterial strains were isolated from 50 infected swab samples of 50 blepharitis patients including Staphylococcus aureus 31/52 (60%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 7/52 (13%), Klebsiella spp. 6/52 (11%), E. coli 2/52 (4%), Acinetobacter spp. 2/52 (4%), Enterobacter spp. 1/52 (2%), Serratia marcescens 1/52 (2%), Shigella spp. 1/52 (2%) and Bacillus cereus 1/52 (2%). Further, 48 bacterial strains were isolated from uninfected swab samples of 50 blepharitis patients including Staphylococcus epidermidis 24/48 (50%), Staphylococcus aureus 22/48 (42%), Klebsiella spp. 1/48 (2%), Enterobacter spp. 1/48 (2%), Serratia spp. 1/48 (2%), and Acinetobacter spp. 1/48 (2%). All Gram-positive bacteria isolated from both infected and uninfected eyelids were found to be sensitive to vancomycin antibiotics. The percentage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 21% among the bacterial isolates obtained from infected eyelids. While, its percentage was 18.7% in the bacterial isolates obtained from the uninfected eyelids of the patients. Hence, the percentage of MRSA was higher in the infected eyelids of blepharitis patients as compared to their uninfected eyelids. Conclusion. The identification of pathogens involved in blepharitis and performing their antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) are important steps in reducing bacterial resistance for blepharitis treatment.

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Future Trends in the Treatment of MRSA in Pakistan

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Knowledge, attitude, and practice associated with antimicrobial resistance among medical students between 2017 and 2022: A survey in East China

Knowledge, attitude, and practice associated with antimicrobial resistance among medical students between 2017 and 2022: A survey in East China

Microbiological Evaluation of Blepharitis: A Case-Controlled Study

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