Frequency of multiple sclerosis in three Australian cities--Perth, Newcastle, and Hobart.

McCall, M. G.; Brereton, T. Le G.; Dawson, Alice; Millingen, Keith S.; Sutherland, John M.; Acheson, E D

doi:10.1136/jnnp.31.1.1

Cited by 50 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Our data showing an increasing prevalence over a period of decades is consistent with several studies conducted in the northern hemisphere [6,7,8,9] and in another southern hemispheric country, Australia [10,11,12,13]. Repeated surveys in several Australian cities including Perth, Newcastle and Hobart, Tasmania, have shown increases in MS prevalence between 1951 and 2009 [10,11,12,13].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Repeated surveys in several Australian cities including Perth, Newcastle and Hobart, Tasmania, have shown increases in MS prevalence between 1951 and 2009 [10,11,12,13]. There are multiple potential factors that could contribute to the increase in prevalence [6,7,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the southern hemisphere, repeated surveys in the previously surveyed regions of Australia [10,11,12,13] have also shown a consistent trend of increasing prevalence and incidence of MS over time. The increase in prevalence has been attributed to multiple factors including improved case ascertainment and access to medical services, changes in diagnostic criteria, increased survival, changing population demographics and a true increase in disease incidence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Increasing Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in New Zealand

et al. 2014

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Background: New Zealand (NZ) has a high prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS). Worldwide, the prevalence of MS appears to be increasing. Objectives: To review all published prevalence studies undertaken in NZ to determine whether the prevalence of MS in NZ is increasing. Methods: PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, EMBASE, AMED and CINAHL were searched to identify studies reporting the prevalence of MS in NZ. Prevalence rates from the National MS Prevalence study in 2006 were compared with earlier prevalence rates for the same regions using Poisson regression. Results: Prevalence rates reported in the earlier regional studies ranged from 23.6 to 68.5/100,000 population; in the same regions in 2006, the range was 47.6-134.2/100,000 population. Prevalence rates were significantly increased in all regions studied except for the Bay of Plenty. The increase in prevalence was seen in both sexes. The sex ratio remained constant over time. Conclusions: In studies spanning almost 40 years (1968-2006), the prevalence of MS within the same regions of NZ has significantly increased whereas the sex ratio and latitudinal gradient have remained stable.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Increasing Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in New Zealand

et al. 2014

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“…Case registers of MS have shown temporal changes in prevalence over time that may be due either to a recrudescence of the disease or to improved diagnosis and registration [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in the City of São Paulo, Brazil, in 1990

et al. 1992

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A case register of multiple sclerosis (MS) was set up in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, situated at a latitude of 23–24° south. Cases were notified by neurologists, neuroradiologists and by an association of patients with MS. Prevalence rate was 4.27 X 10^–5 (men: 2.89 X 10^–5; women: 5.59 X 10^–5), with a preponderance of young adults. We discuss here whether these rates are artifact due to poor health care facilities, to poor notification and deficiencies in diagnosis, or whether these rates are really low.

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“…9 Previous studies have suggested an increasing MS prevalence with increasing southerly latitude in Australia, however differences in diagnostic criteria and acquirement of MS prevalence data has caused difficulties in comparison between studies. [10][11][12][13][14][15] Despite these epidemiological studies, to our knowledge, no one has profiled the growth in the use of RRMS drugs in Australia. Newer agents are soon expected on the market so we wanted to capture the current situation regarding the use of these drugs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pharmacoepidemiology and the Australian regional prevalence of multiple sclerosis

et al. 2013

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Background: Over some 50 years, field surveys have shown that the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) increases with increasing distance from the equator in both the northern and the southern hemispheres. Such a latitudinal gradient has been found in field surveys of MS prevalence carried out at different times in various local regions of Australia. Objective: The objective of this paper is to use a pharmacoepidemiological approach to obtain whole of population estimates of the prevalence of MS in the various Australian states and territories from the use of MS disease-modifying drugs used to treat relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS). Methods: We analysed the dispensed use of subsidised RRMS drugs by jurisdiction. Results: In the 2005–2008 period, the calculated mean treated RRMS prevalence in Australia ranged from 7.5 per 100,000 in the far north to 53.2 per 100,000 in the extreme south and was linearly related to increasing southerly latitude. Public domain Australian data suggested that multiplying this prevalence by a factor of 2.2 (to account for untreated RRMS and other types of MS) may provide a measure of the prevalence of all varieties of the disease. Conclusion: These findings provide contemporary and more comprehensive evidence for the gradient of MS prevalence with latitude in Australia than has previously been available.

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Frequency of multiple sclerosis in three Australian cities--Perth, Newcastle, and Hobart.

Cited by 50 publications

References 21 publications

The Increasing Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in New Zealand

The Increasing Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in New Zealand

Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in the City of São Paulo, Brazil, in 1990

Pharmacoepidemiology and the Australian regional prevalence of multiple sclerosis

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