Fractal antennas and arrays: a review and recent developments

Karmakar, Anirban

doi:10.1017/s1759078720000963

Cited by 40 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 195 publications

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“…The work by Werner et al [15] summarizes various techniques for compact (i.e., miniature) fractal antennas designs. We also refer to the recent survey papers [20,21] for an extensive study of the literature and state of the art summary of fractal antenna research. The reader may also consider exploring the articles [19,20,22,23] for more detailed analysis, various types and applications of fractal antennas available in the literature.…”

Section: Fractal Antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractals: An Eclectic Survey, Part II

et al. 2022

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Fractals are geometric shapes and patterns that can describe the roughness (or irregularity) present in almost every object in nature. Many fractals may repeat their geometry at smaller or larger scales. This paper is the second (and last) part of a series of two papers dedicated to an eclectic survey of fractals describing the infinite complexity and amazing beauty of fractals from historical, theoretical, mathematical, aesthetical and technological aspects, including their diverse applications in various fields. In this article, our focus is on engineering, industrial, commercial and futuristic applications of fractals, whereas in the first part, we discussed the basics of fractals, mathematical description, fractal dimension and artistic applications. Among many different applications of fractals, fractal landscape generation (fractal landscapes that can simulate and describe natural terrains and landscapes more precisely by mathematical models of fractal geometry), fractal antennas (fractal-shaped antennas that are designed and used in devices which operate on multiple and wider frequency bands) and fractal image compression (a fractal-based lossy compression method for digital and natural images which uses inherent self-similarity present in an image) are the most creative, engineering-driven, industry-oriented, commercial and emerging applications. We consider each of these applications in detail along with some innovative and future ready applications.

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Section: Fractal Antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractals: An Eclectic Survey, Part II

et al. 2022

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“…The top portion consists of a fractal radiating structure and the bottom is with a partial ground. The design equations of fractal radiating structure are motivated from previous reported literatures 19,20 and the mathematical intuition of arrangement of self‐similar elements is based on iterative function system (IFS) 21 . The 50 Ω offset‐feed is asserted for better impedance matching owing to the miniaturized electrical size of fractal radiator (

\approx 0.05 λ_{0}

, where

λ_{0}

is the lowest operating wavelength).…”

Section: Antenna Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconfigurable miniaturized UWB multiple‐input‐multiple‐output antenna system design and study using characteristics mode analysis

Mohanty

Behera

Nasimuddin

2022

Int J RF Mic Comp-Aid Eng

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In this article, a miniaturized reconfigurable 4-element ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is proposed to operate from 2.52 to 24 GHz, and studied using characteristics mode analysis (CMA). Initially, a 1-element antenna is designed and then extended to 4-element MIMO configuration. The MIMO antenna achieves design merits by orthogonally sorting fractal radiators for miniaturization, a Γ-shaped slot for band-notching and rotationally symmetric connected ground for isolation. CMA is explored to study the band-notched behavior effect in antenna, which shows two operating modes, NM-mode and NB-mode (NM: normal-mode, NB: Notched-mode). The modal metrics is discussed for both modes giving an insights on the bandwidth and radiation potentials. Four RF p-i-n diodes are mounted at the Γ-shaped slot orifice on each antennas, to control the band-notched operation. At OFFstate, the antenna is with wide-band-rejection from 3.7 to 8.87 GHz and at ON-state, it works in pure UWB mode. To demonstrate its feasibility, a fabricated antenna of size 24 mm Â 24 mm is experimented which are in good agreements with simulated results.

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“…1(c). In this proposed antenna design, modified Hilbert fractal [19] curve is introduced in the ground plane. To improve the isolation between antenna elements, a meander line parasitic element is placed inside the Hilbert fractal curve.…”

Section: Antenna Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compact Uwb Dra Mimo Antenna Realizing Band Notch Characteristics and Fractal Inspired Isolation Mechanism

Bhattacharjee¹,

Karmakar²,

Saha³

2022

PIER C

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In this communication, a new compact UWB dual port multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is presented for wireless application. The design utilizes the property of dielectric resonator to achieve a bandwidth that ranges from 3.1 GHz to 18.5 GHz. The design has a compact size of 19 × 30 × 0.8 mm 3 . It consists of two rectangular shape monopole antenna elements with rectangular dielectric resonators sharing a similar ground plane. On the ground plane, a modified Hilbert curve with a meander line parasitic element was introduced to improve isolation between radiating elements which reduces mutual coupling issues. A band notch is achieved at WLAN band (5.09-5.8 GHz) by etching a pair of L-shape slots on each radiator. The gain of the antenna drops significantly at the centre of the notch band which indicates good interference suppression. Results show that the designed antenna provides a wide impedance bandwidth (below −10 dB) throughout the operating band of 3.1-18.5 GHz (142.6%). The antenna also produces nearly −20 dB isolation for the entire operating band. Results show that the simulated characteristics are in good agreement with the measured counterpart.

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Fractal antennas and arrays: a review and recent developments

Cited by 40 publications

References 195 publications

Fractals: An Eclectic Survey, Part II

Fractals: An Eclectic Survey, Part II

Reconfigurable miniaturized UWB multiple‐input‐multiple‐output antenna system design and study using characteristics mode analysis

A Compact Uwb Dra Mimo Antenna Realizing Band Notch Characteristics and Fractal Inspired Isolation Mechanism

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