Abstract:RESUMO -Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram a caracterização e a determinação das estimativas dos parâmetros relativos à cinética de degradação ruminal dos carboidratos, em amostras de extrusa de animais mantidos em pastagem natural da Zona da Mata (MG), nas estações chuvosa e seca do ano. Para obtenção de amostras representativas, foram usados quatro animais fistulados no esôfago durante dois períodos experimentais na estação chuvosa, e três destes animais por dois períodos experimentais na estação seca, … Show more
“…Nonetheless, the CNCPS system assumes that fraction B 2 is homogeneous and shows a single specific growth rate. Working with natural pastures, Vieira et al (2000b) found average values of 0.0357 h -1 , which was a result close to the estimates obtained in the present study.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 91%
“…Besides, other important quantitative variables in the feeds can be estimated, such as the energy availability and daily amount of metabolizable protein, which enables the prediction of animal performance based on known dietary inputs (Vieira et al, 2000c;Jardim et al, 2013;Jardim et al, 2015;Higgs et al, 2015). In the present study (Table 4), the average RF(I) was approximately 32% greater than RF(D), a situation that was also observed by Vieira et al (2000b) based on extrusa samples taken from a tropical grassland.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 70%
“…Malafaia et al (1998), working with this forage plant, and Lira et al (2006), with Urochloa decumbens in the dry season, found 230 and 199 g RD(B 2 ) kg -1 DM, which are much lower values than the average observed in the current study (290 g RD(B 2 ) kg -1 DM) for the same season of the year. However, in natural-grassland conditions, in the dry season, Vieira et al (2000b) found a higher value, 301 g kg -1 DM. However, the average observed in our experiment (348 g RD (B 2 ) kg -1 DM) was higher than the almost 230-350 g kg -1 DM observed in the literature (Malafaia et al, 1998;Vieira et al, 2000b;Lira et al, 2006).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 73%
“…This fraction is estimated by the Cornell system by multiplying the amount of lignin by the 2.4 constant (Chandler et al, 1980); in the literature, this value is between 2 and 3 ( Van Soest, 1994;Malafaia et al, 1998). However, Vieira et al (2000b) recommended that estimates of fraction C may be based on direct biological methods, using, for instance, in situ degradation trials, which compose the methodology relative to the fiber degradation kinetics in the current study. The greater concentration of this fraction in period three may be related to the increased proportions of stems and senescent material.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this sense, the specific growth rate of the microorganisms on dFC was estimated according to the expressions described by Van Milgen et al (1991), R. Bras. Zootec., 45(9):563-571, 2016 Vieira et al (1997), andVieira et al (2000b). Thus, by employing the definition of Schofield et al (1994), we have:…”
-This experiment was conducted to evaluate the degradation kinetics and microbial efficiency of beef cattle grazing on low-quality forage and receiving supplements with different levels of rumen undegradable protein (RUP). The animals grazed on palisade grass pasture solely or this pasture and supplement containing 40 or 60 g of RUP per 100 g of crude protein (CP). The degradation profiles of neutral detergent fiber, fiber carbohydrates, and neutral detergent insoluble protein were interpreted kinetically by using a decreasing logistic model. Treatments (no supplement, or RUP at 40 or 60 g −1 100 g CP) did not affect rumen fill; however, the increase in the indigestible fiber carbohydrate fraction that occurred at the expense of the digestible fiber carbohydrate fraction resulted in a greater rumen fill effect. The palisade grass showed a significant proportion of its nitrogen in the form of slowly degradable protein as neutral detergent insoluble protein, which amounted to 26 g per 100 g CP. Supplementation with 40 g of RUP per 100 g CP decresead the indigestible fraction of the low-quality forage. However, the absence of a rumen-fill effect demonstrates that the additional supply of nutrients contributes greatly to increasing growth efficiency and use of the available energy from the forage by the ruminal microorganisms.
“…Nonetheless, the CNCPS system assumes that fraction B 2 is homogeneous and shows a single specific growth rate. Working with natural pastures, Vieira et al (2000b) found average values of 0.0357 h -1 , which was a result close to the estimates obtained in the present study.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 91%
“…Besides, other important quantitative variables in the feeds can be estimated, such as the energy availability and daily amount of metabolizable protein, which enables the prediction of animal performance based on known dietary inputs (Vieira et al, 2000c;Jardim et al, 2013;Jardim et al, 2015;Higgs et al, 2015). In the present study (Table 4), the average RF(I) was approximately 32% greater than RF(D), a situation that was also observed by Vieira et al (2000b) based on extrusa samples taken from a tropical grassland.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 70%
“…Malafaia et al (1998), working with this forage plant, and Lira et al (2006), with Urochloa decumbens in the dry season, found 230 and 199 g RD(B 2 ) kg -1 DM, which are much lower values than the average observed in the current study (290 g RD(B 2 ) kg -1 DM) for the same season of the year. However, in natural-grassland conditions, in the dry season, Vieira et al (2000b) found a higher value, 301 g kg -1 DM. However, the average observed in our experiment (348 g RD (B 2 ) kg -1 DM) was higher than the almost 230-350 g kg -1 DM observed in the literature (Malafaia et al, 1998;Vieira et al, 2000b;Lira et al, 2006).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 73%
“…This fraction is estimated by the Cornell system by multiplying the amount of lignin by the 2.4 constant (Chandler et al, 1980); in the literature, this value is between 2 and 3 ( Van Soest, 1994;Malafaia et al, 1998). However, Vieira et al (2000b) recommended that estimates of fraction C may be based on direct biological methods, using, for instance, in situ degradation trials, which compose the methodology relative to the fiber degradation kinetics in the current study. The greater concentration of this fraction in period three may be related to the increased proportions of stems and senescent material.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this sense, the specific growth rate of the microorganisms on dFC was estimated according to the expressions described by Van Milgen et al (1991), R. Bras. Zootec., 45(9):563-571, 2016 Vieira et al (1997), andVieira et al (2000b). Thus, by employing the definition of Schofield et al (1994), we have:…”
-This experiment was conducted to evaluate the degradation kinetics and microbial efficiency of beef cattle grazing on low-quality forage and receiving supplements with different levels of rumen undegradable protein (RUP). The animals grazed on palisade grass pasture solely or this pasture and supplement containing 40 or 60 g of RUP per 100 g of crude protein (CP). The degradation profiles of neutral detergent fiber, fiber carbohydrates, and neutral detergent insoluble protein were interpreted kinetically by using a decreasing logistic model. Treatments (no supplement, or RUP at 40 or 60 g −1 100 g CP) did not affect rumen fill; however, the increase in the indigestible fiber carbohydrate fraction that occurred at the expense of the digestible fiber carbohydrate fraction resulted in a greater rumen fill effect. The palisade grass showed a significant proportion of its nitrogen in the form of slowly degradable protein as neutral detergent insoluble protein, which amounted to 26 g per 100 g CP. Supplementation with 40 g of RUP per 100 g CP decresead the indigestible fraction of the low-quality forage. However, the absence of a rumen-fill effect demonstrates that the additional supply of nutrients contributes greatly to increasing growth efficiency and use of the available energy from the forage by the ruminal microorganisms.
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