Abstract:-This experiment was conducted to evaluate the degradation kinetics and microbial efficiency of beef cattle grazing on low-quality forage and receiving supplements with different levels of rumen undegradable protein (RUP). The animals grazed on palisade grass pasture solely or this pasture and supplement containing 40 or 60 g of RUP per 100 g of crude protein (CP). The degradation profiles of neutral detergent fiber, fiber carbohydrates, and neutral detergent insoluble protein were interpreted kinetically by u… Show more
“…The higher CP content observed in those pastures may be attributed to the greater participation of green and tender leaf blades in the forage canopy, due to the younger age of the plants (22.8 days) when compared with that of the plants managed at 30 days of defoliation. It is notable that diets with CP levels lower than 70 g/kg can cause an imbalance in rumen degradation and microbial synthesis (Van Soest, 1994;Gomes et al, 2016). In our study, as can be observed, CP values ranged between 141.27 (TZ95) and 119.91 (TZ30) g/kg DM (Table 1).…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 64%
“…It should be stressed that pastures managed with 95% interception of the PAR will also provide larger quantities of fermentable carbohydrates, potentiating microbial synthesis (Andrade-Montemayor, Gasca, & Kawas, 2009). This results in a shorter retention time of the herbage in the rumen (Gomes et al, 2016), ultimately maximizing intake (Table 2) and animal performance (Table 3).…”
The objective of this work was to evaluate the supply, morphological and chemical composition of forage, performance and milk composition of crossbred cows managed in Megathyrsus maximus cv. Tanzania in intermittent grazing system with fixed and variable defoliation intervals according to the interception of 95% of photosynthetically active radiation by the canopy. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with two treatments and two area replications. In each grazing cycle the supply, morphological composition, forage nutritive value, dry matter intake, milk production and composition were determined. The experimental area was 4.0 hectares, divided into two blocks of 2 hectares. Each block was subdivided into 22 pickets (11 for each treatment) totaling 44 pickets with an area of 909 m2 each. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed for leaf blade content, in vitro digestibility of dry matter and forage crude protein, dry matter intake, individual and area milk production and lactose content milk, being the highest values found in the pastures managed with variable defoliation interval. Thus, the defoliation interval defined by the 95% interception of the photosynthetically luminosity leads to higher leaf blade proportions in the forage canopy, resulting in higher individual milk yield and per unit area, but with a loss of protein and total solids contents of milk.
“…The higher CP content observed in those pastures may be attributed to the greater participation of green and tender leaf blades in the forage canopy, due to the younger age of the plants (22.8 days) when compared with that of the plants managed at 30 days of defoliation. It is notable that diets with CP levels lower than 70 g/kg can cause an imbalance in rumen degradation and microbial synthesis (Van Soest, 1994;Gomes et al, 2016). In our study, as can be observed, CP values ranged between 141.27 (TZ95) and 119.91 (TZ30) g/kg DM (Table 1).…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 64%
“…It should be stressed that pastures managed with 95% interception of the PAR will also provide larger quantities of fermentable carbohydrates, potentiating microbial synthesis (Andrade-Montemayor, Gasca, & Kawas, 2009). This results in a shorter retention time of the herbage in the rumen (Gomes et al, 2016), ultimately maximizing intake (Table 2) and animal performance (Table 3).…”
The objective of this work was to evaluate the supply, morphological and chemical composition of forage, performance and milk composition of crossbred cows managed in Megathyrsus maximus cv. Tanzania in intermittent grazing system with fixed and variable defoliation intervals according to the interception of 95% of photosynthetically active radiation by the canopy. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with two treatments and two area replications. In each grazing cycle the supply, morphological composition, forage nutritive value, dry matter intake, milk production and composition were determined. The experimental area was 4.0 hectares, divided into two blocks of 2 hectares. Each block was subdivided into 22 pickets (11 for each treatment) totaling 44 pickets with an area of 909 m2 each. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed for leaf blade content, in vitro digestibility of dry matter and forage crude protein, dry matter intake, individual and area milk production and lactose content milk, being the highest values found in the pastures managed with variable defoliation interval. Thus, the defoliation interval defined by the 95% interception of the photosynthetically luminosity leads to higher leaf blade proportions in the forage canopy, resulting in higher individual milk yield and per unit area, but with a loss of protein and total solids contents of milk.
“…Sugarcane is grown extensively in America, Africa, Asia, and Oceania on account of its ease of cultivation and outstanding production of green mass, which facilitate its use in ruminant feeding during the dry season (characterized by low rainfall and high temperatures), which results in a shortage of forage (Bento et al, 2018). Thus, sugarcane is an excellent option for farmers as it has advantages such as great nutritional value and forage production per area, concurring with the period of forage shortage compared to tropical forages (Gomes et al, 2016). However, sugarcane production in Brazil focuses on the sugar-energy industry rather than on animal nutrition, making selecting varieties with better nutritional value for animal feeding necessary (Carvalho et al, 2022).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Sugarcane deserves some attention due to its nutritional limitations, such as low protein and mineral levels and low-quality fibrous fractions. Among the nutritional limitations, the fibrous fractions significantly impact feed digestion, and protein and minerals can be corrected by supplements (Gomes et al, 2016). Sugarcane constituents with high lignification are in the strongly recalcitrant rind (Maziero et al, 2013).…”
Several studies on the kinetics of sugarcane's fiber digestion have been published, but, to date, no study has evaluated the influence of sugarcane rind on the digestion of fresh sugarcane by ruminants. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sugarcane components (rind and pith) on chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, metabolizable energy, and sugarcane quality. A randomized block design was used in a split-plot scheme with five sugarcane genotypes [plot] (RB068027, RB058046, RB987917, RB867515, and RB855536) and three sugarcane components [sub-plot] (rind, pith, and whole cane), Each treatment consisted of four replicates. The chemical composition, in vitro gas production, in vitro digestibility, metabolizable energy, and sugarcane quality were evaluated. No interaction between components and genotypes was observed for the variables analyzed herein. Although the rind had a higher crude protein content, it showed a large amount of insoluble crude protein. The rind had higher fibrous fractions, comprising 87.33 % of the indigestible fraction of the neutral detergent fiber (NDF). The sugarcane rind showed ~ 71.20 % more lignin than the pith tissue. Further, the rind decreased by 6.5 % in vitro dry matter digestibility compared to the whole sugarcane. The in vitro NDF digestibility of the rind was 18.38 % lower than the whole sugarcane. The RB068027 genotype showed the lowest sugarcane quality. Despite the higher content of potentially digestible neutral detergent fiber (pdNDF) in the rind, its high lignin content influences the quality of the final fibrous fractions of sugarcane and negatively impacts the nutritional value. The genotypes do not differ nutritionally, but RB855536 presented higher biomass and energy yields.
“…Brazil is the second largest meat producer in the world, producing about 10.32 million tons in 2020 and exporting 2.7 million with revenues of US$ 7.7 billion (Abiec, 2021). About 90% of this meat comes from cattle finished on pasture, which can significantly impact animal production in countries with a tropical climate, such as Brazil, where the dry season, from May to September, affects the growth capacity and vigor of grasses, i.e., the nutritive value of the pasture (Gomes et al, 2016). For this reason, supplementary practices, such as silage use, are adopted to keep the herd fed, healthy, and productive, regardless of drought duration and intensity (Henriksson et al, 2014).…”
The objective of this work was to evaluate the biometric measurements and nutrient contents of the corn, sorghum, and pearl millet crops from 30 days after sowing up to ensiling time. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design, in which the three crops were evaluated with eight replicates. Stem height and diameter and leaf length and width were measured to determine plant growth. In addition, samples were collected to evaluate plant chemical composition. For the characterization of nutrient accumulation and biometric evaluation, linear and nonlinear models were used. Dry matter accumulation did not differ between corn and sorghum, but decreased in pearl millet from the fiftieth day up to ensiling. Crude protein, ashes, and neutral detergent fiber tend to reduce over time. The biometric variables do not differ between corn, pearl millet, and sorghum from 30 days after sowing until ensiling time.
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