Formation of emerging iodinated disinfection by-products during ballast water treatment based on ozonation processes

Formation of halogenated disinfection by-products during ballast water chlorination

“…This is because the concentrations and species of DBPs precursors are affected by pH, which has an impact on the composition of produced DBPs. 13,35 The increase in pH value restrained the formation of HAAs and more DBP precursors were converted into THMs. As shown in Fig.…”

“…2–6 The International Maritime Organization convention issued in 2004 (IMO 2004) requires efficient ballast water treatment and the discharged ballast water must meet the D-2 standard. Different treatment methods have been applied in the ballast water management system (BWMS) to prevent bio-invasion such as filtration, 7 electrolysis, 8–10 ultraviolet, 11,12 ozonation 13 and advanced oxidation technology. 1,14,15 Chlorination treatment is one of the most widely used methods, which can inactivate phycophyta and bacteria effectively.…”

Ecological impacts of ballast water loading and discharge: insight into the toxicity and accumulation of disinfection by-products

“… • Oxidant residue, storage time, and iodide concentration significantly affected the iodinated-THM formation. Zhu et al. (2020) ∗THM: Tri-halo methane, HAA: Haloacetic acid, MBAA: Monobromoacetic acid, DCAA: Dichloroacetic acid, TCAA: Trichloroacetic acid, MCAA: Monochloroacetic acid, DBAA: Dibromoacetic acid, TBAA: Tribromoacetic acid, DBAN: Dibromoacetonitrile.…”

“…When the ship reaches its destination to load cargo up, the ballast water is then discharged ( Carney et al., 2017 ). The discharge of ballast water is one issue that raises several concerns related to environmental impacts ( Apetroaei et al., 2018 ; Hess-Erga et al., 2019 ; Zhu et al., 2020 ). Depending on the size of the cargo ship, the amount of transported ballast water in a cargo ship ranges from 1,500 m 3 to >5,000 m 3 ( Bielski et al., 2018 ).…”

Experimental study on microalgae inactivation in marine ballast water by microbubbles

“…Therefore, in most cases, UV radiation must be combined with mechanical filtration to enhance treatment efficacy [6,7]. Furthermore, the use of active substances such as electrolytic chlorine production, chlorine dioxide, and ozone is considered to have limitations in ballast water treatment due to high cost [8], difficulties in controlling spore reproduction [9], and the potential hazards of by-products [10].…”