Abstract:Os objetivos neste trabalho foram avaliar a utilização de duas fontes de carboidratos (casca de soja e milho), com a utilização ou não de monensina em dietas com alta densidade lipídica, e seus efeitos sobre a digestibilidade dos nutrientes, o balanço de nitrogênio e o fluxo portal de nutrientes em ovinos. Adotou-se o método de coleta total de fezes e urina para determinação da digestibilidade e do balanço de nitrogênio. O fluxo líquido de nutrientes foi calculado pelo princípio de Fick. Foram utilizados quatr… Show more
“…The treatment without monensin showed a tendency (p = 0.074) to a greater number of hours with pH below 5.8 and the average pH of the day showed a tendency to be higher (p = 0.056) for the D1 treatment (table 4). The minimum ruminal pH was observed between the 8 and 12 hours after food intake (figure 2), with significant differences (p > 0.05) between hours, and without treatment effects in the evolution of pH over time, evidenced in lack of interaction (p > 0.05) ( Mouro et al, (2006), whose studies include sheep, the use of ionophores caused no alterations in dry matter intake compared to control treatments. In relation to ruminal pH, the dose of monensin used in this investigation can be related to a decrease in hours with pH below 6 (Dennis et al, 1981).…”
Abstract:The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of monensin addition on the total dry matter intake, in goat diets, composed of 30 % alfalfa hay and 70 % corn. Four fistulated cross breed goats (Nubian x Creole), 39.77 ± 1.07 kg live body weight (BW), were used in experimental design. Two experiments were carried out: I) Determining total dry matter intake (TDMI), pasture dry matter intake (PDMI), total daily and hourly intake (TDHI) and total dry matter digestibility (TDMD); II) Determining ruminal pH. Treatments consisted of an instance without monensin (D0), and another one with monensin (D1). In both cases, intake level was adjusted to 3 % of BW. There were no significant effects (p < 0.05) on TDMI, PDMI, TDHI, TDMD and BW. The registered TDHI during the 12 h after feed had an effect on time. The area below the curve, with a 5.8 and 6 pH threshold, proved a significant linear drop-off (p < 0.05) for D1. As regards the hours with pH value below pH threshold, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between treatments, only a tendency (p = 0,074) to keep pH values below 5.8 for a greater number hours in D0. The average pH of the day showed a tendency to be higher (p = 0,056) for D1. The lowest ruminal pH was observed between the 8 and 12 h after food intake, and with significant differences (p > 0.05) between hours, but the treatment had no effects on the evolution of pH in time. Therefore, we can conclude that the addition of monensin in highly energetic diets for goats had a moderating effect in the ruminal pH, and in the number of daily food concentrate meals. However, there was no register of acute acidosis with these diets.
“…The treatment without monensin showed a tendency (p = 0.074) to a greater number of hours with pH below 5.8 and the average pH of the day showed a tendency to be higher (p = 0.056) for the D1 treatment (table 4). The minimum ruminal pH was observed between the 8 and 12 hours after food intake (figure 2), with significant differences (p > 0.05) between hours, and without treatment effects in the evolution of pH over time, evidenced in lack of interaction (p > 0.05) ( Mouro et al, (2006), whose studies include sheep, the use of ionophores caused no alterations in dry matter intake compared to control treatments. In relation to ruminal pH, the dose of monensin used in this investigation can be related to a decrease in hours with pH below 6 (Dennis et al, 1981).…”
Abstract:The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of monensin addition on the total dry matter intake, in goat diets, composed of 30 % alfalfa hay and 70 % corn. Four fistulated cross breed goats (Nubian x Creole), 39.77 ± 1.07 kg live body weight (BW), were used in experimental design. Two experiments were carried out: I) Determining total dry matter intake (TDMI), pasture dry matter intake (PDMI), total daily and hourly intake (TDHI) and total dry matter digestibility (TDMD); II) Determining ruminal pH. Treatments consisted of an instance without monensin (D0), and another one with monensin (D1). In both cases, intake level was adjusted to 3 % of BW. There were no significant effects (p < 0.05) on TDMI, PDMI, TDHI, TDMD and BW. The registered TDHI during the 12 h after feed had an effect on time. The area below the curve, with a 5.8 and 6 pH threshold, proved a significant linear drop-off (p < 0.05) for D1. As regards the hours with pH value below pH threshold, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between treatments, only a tendency (p = 0,074) to keep pH values below 5.8 for a greater number hours in D0. The average pH of the day showed a tendency to be higher (p = 0,056) for D1. The lowest ruminal pH was observed between the 8 and 12 h after food intake, and with significant differences (p > 0.05) between hours, but the treatment had no effects on the evolution of pH in time. Therefore, we can conclude that the addition of monensin in highly energetic diets for goats had a moderating effect in the ruminal pH, and in the number of daily food concentrate meals. However, there was no register of acute acidosis with these diets.
“…Não existe um método padrão para medir fluxo de sangue que permita avaliar o grau de exatidão dos resultados experimentais. No entanto, os resultados de fluxo de sangue portal (média de 2 litros/kg de PV ou 5 litros/ kg de PV 0,75 ) e visceral (média de 2,4 litros/kg de PV ou 5,9 litros/kg de PV 0,75 ) obtidos neste estudo são similares aos reportados em outros estudos com ovinos (Ortigues et al, 1994;Milano et al, 2000;Branco et al, 2004;Sole et al, 2004;Mouro et al, 2006;Mouro et al, 2007). O fluxo de sangue pelo sistema visceral normalmente é diretamente relacionado ao consumo de alimento (Reynolds et al, 1991 Mouro et al, 2007).…”
Section: Resultsunclassified
“…Como esperado, esse efeito foi diretamente relacionado ao consumo de nitrogênio digestível pelos animais recebendo os tipos de feno. Os fluxos portais e viscerais absolutos de metabólitos foram relativamente menores que os verificados em outros estudos em que os ovinos receberam dietas contendo altos níveis de concentrado e apresentaram maior nível de consumo (Branco et al, 2004;Mouro et al, 2006;Mouro et al, 2007), mas foram similares aos obtidos com ovinos alimentados exclusivamente com feno de gramíneas forrageiras tropicais ou temperadas (Goetsch et al, 1997).…”
RESUMO -Foram conduzidos dois ensaios para medir os fluxos portal e visceral total de metabólitos em ovinos (peso vivo (PV) médio de 35 ± 3 kg) recebendo feno de capim-arroz (Echinochloa sp.) cortado aos 32, 46, 72 ou 90 dias de rebrota.Um dos ensaios foi realizado em quadrado latino 4 × 4 (ensaio 1) para avaliação dos quatro fenos e outro em quadrado latino 3 × 3 (ensaio 2), sem o feno do capim cortado aos 32 dias de rebrota. Os animais foram implantados com cateteres permanentes nas veias mesentérica e hepática. Sangue arterial foi acessado através de cateteres temporários na carótida. O fluxo de sangue portal e visceral foi estimado com base na diluição de paraminohipurato infundido continuamente em uma veia mesentérica.Na refeição prévia às amostragens, o consumo de matéria orgânica (MO) total e digestível não foi afetado, mas o consumo de nitrogênio total e digestível diminuiu linearmente com o aumento da idade de rebrota do capim-arroz em ambos os ensaios. fed rice-grass (Echinochloa sp.) hay cut at 32, 46, 72 or 96 days of regrowth age, two assays were carried out. One of them was a 4 × 4 Latin Square experiment (Assay 1) where the four hays were evaluated and the other was a 3 × 3 Latin square experiment (Assay 2) that did not include the 32-day hay. Animals were surgically implanted with permanent catheters into mesenteric and hepatic blood vessels. Arterial blood was sampled using temporary catheters into carotid artery. Portal and visceral blood flow was estimated based on continuous infusion of paraminohippurate in a mesenteric vein. On the sampling day, total and digestible organic matter (OM) intakes were not affected, but total and digestible N intakes decreased linearly with the increased forage regrowth age in both assays. The portal and visceral blood flow, net visceral flux of glucose, urea and amino acids and the net portal flux of glucose and urea were not affected by forage regrowth age. The net portal flux of amino acids and ammonia which was markedly higher in lambs fed 46-day hay and that ingested more digestible N.Most nutrients absorbed by lambs fed rice-grass hay were metabolized by visceral tissues such as peripheral availability of amino acids and glucose only account to a small proportion of N and OM intake. In general, the visceral metabolism of lambs is not clearly affected by forage regrowth age.Key Words: amino acids, ammonia, Echinochloa sp., glucose, metabolism, urea
IntroduçãoO desempenho dos ruminantes é altamente dependente do consumo de matéria orgânica (MO) digestível e da eficiência como os nutrientes absorvidos são utilizados pelos animais. No entanto, a regulação da disponibilidade de nutrientes para os tecidos periféricos é afetada pelo metabolismo visceral. O sistema visceral é representado pelos tecidos drenados pela veia porta (trato gastrintestinal, gordura mesentérica, pâncreas e baço) mais o fígado.
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